The structured language model (SLM) of [1] was one of the first to successfully integrate syntactic structure into language models. We extend the SLM framework in two new directions. First, we propose a new syntactic hierarchical interpolation that improves over previous approaches. Second, we develop a general information-theoretic algorithm for pruning the underlying Jelinek-Mercer interpolat...

The proper assessment of interaxial distance and convergence control are important factors in stereoscopic imaging technology to make an efficient 3D image. To control interaxial distance and convergence for efficient 3D shooting, horizontal 3D camera rig is designed using some hardware components like ‘LM Guide’, ‘Goniometer’ and ‘Rotation Stage’. The horizontal 3D camera rig system can be pro...

We report real-time imaging and dynamics monitoring of micrometer predefined and random sized particles by time–space-wavelength mapping technology using a single-detector. Experimentally, we demonstrate real-time line imaging of a 5 lm polystyrene microsphere, glass powder particles and patterns such as fingerprints with up to 5 lm resolution at 1 line/50 ns capture rate. By using the same set...

Let M be a closed, oriented, n-manifold, and LM its free loop space. In [4] a commutative algebra structure in homology, H∗(LM), and a Lie algebra structure in equivariant homology H 1 ∗ (LM), were defined. In this paper we prove that these structures are homotopy invariants in the following sense. Let f : M1 → M2 be a homotopy equivalence of closed, oriented n-manifolds. Then the induced equiv...

Let M be a closed, oriented, n-manifold, and LM its free loop space. In [3] a commutative algebra structure in homology, H∗(LM), and a Lie algebra structure in equivariant homology H 1 ∗ (LM), were defined. In this paper we prove that these structures are homotopy invariants in the following sense. Let f : M1 → M2 be a homotopy equivalence of closed, oriented n-manifolds. Then the induced equiv...

BACKGROUND To study the relationship between collagen amount and degree of emphysema as assessed by mean linear intercept (Lm) and correlating these with lung function test workup in patients with and without COPD. METHODS Lung function tests were assessed in 16 smokers or ex-smokers and 1 non-smoker in order to separate them into two groups: COPD (FEV1/FVC lower than 70%) and non-COPD. A pie...

on the basis of a reproducing kernel space, an iterative algorithm for solving the inverse problem for heat equation with a nonlocal boundary condition is presented. the analytical solution in the reproducing kernel space is shown in a series form and the approximate solution vn is constructed by truncating the series to n terms. the convergence of vn to the analytical solution is also proved. ...

on the basis of a reproducing kernel space, an iterative algorithm for solving the one-dimensional linear and nonlinear schrödinger equations is presented. the analytical solution is shown in a series form in the reproducing kernel space and the approximate solution is constructed by truncating the series. the convergence of the approximate solution to the analytical solution is also proved. th...

Bundle adjustment (BA) is an optimization process refining the estimates of extrinsic camera parameters (position and orientation, or pose) and the three dimensional (3D) positions of features using overlapping images from multiple views. The optimization in BA may be formulated many ways. We compare four alternatives, including the standard formulation, from the perspectives of the region of c...