We estimated the patellofemoral joint forces generated during pedaling on a bicycle ergometer. Our calculations were based on measurements from a force transducer mounted on the pedal, 16-mm cine-film sequences, and biomechanical models of the cycling motion and of the patellofemoral joint. Six healthy male subjects cycled at different work loads, pedaling rates, saddle heights, and pedal foot ...

The plasma glucose excursion may influence the metabolic responses after oral glucose ingestion. Although previous studies addressed the effects of hyperglycemia in conditions of hyperinsulinemia, it has not been evaluated whether the route of glucose administration (oral vs. intravenous) plays a role. Our aim was to determine the effects of moderately controlled hyperglycemia on glucose metabo...

BACKGROUND While the ergogenic effect of sodium bicarbonate (BICA) on short-term, sprint-type performance has been repeatedly demonstrated, little is known about its effectiveness during prolonged high-intensity exercise in well-trained athletes. Therefore, this study aims to examine the influence of BICA on performance during exhaustive, high-intensity endurance cycling. METHODS This was a s...

Degradation is a common problem for polymer matrix composites (PMCs) under low thermal cycling conditions. This paper investigates the effects of low thermal cycling on total mass loss (TML) and surface degradation of PMCs. Unnotched and open-hole specimens were weighed before and after low thermal cycling. The total mass loss and surface degradation of the specimens were studied over 250 cycle...

Results from fatigue experiments done on a SiC/SiC composite are presented. A micromechanics-based model is used to study the observed behavior under cyclic loading. The includes consideration of progressive damage, creep and oxidation fiber matrix. Comparison predictions with test data showed that deformation during in this material explained primarily by damage form matrix microcracking inter...

Offshore monopile foundations are exposed to misaligned wind and wave loadings, which respectively dominated by (nearly) static cyclic load components. While the response of these systems unidirectional loading has been extensively investigated, only a few studies have devoted realistic case loads, particularly effects such misalignment on accumulation pile rotation under prolonged cycling. Thi...

We have already reported that the one-leg cycling test driven by the subject's sound leg as the exercise load test is effective in measuring the anaerobic threshold (AT) of unilateral lower limb amputees. The aim of this research is to investigate whether or not endurance training based on each subject's AT gained from the one-leg cycling test is useful in improving the physical fitness of lowe...

In experiments designed to achieve maximal activation, the active force/cell cross-sectional area in tissues prepared from the swine carotid media was 6.7 +/- 0.3 (sd) X 10(5) N/m5. This value exceeds that reported for other vertebrate muscle cells and is striking because of the low smooth muscle myosin content. The hypothesis that high force generation may, in part, reflect an increase in the ...

Currently, the trend of miniaturization, light weight, high speed and multifunction are common in electronic assemblies, especially, for the mobile electronics. One of the most critical aspects of the package reliability is solder joint reliability. So, in that field, thermal cycling and drop/impact are the primary requirement for solder joint reliability. This paper discusses the reliability o...