A comprehensive analysis of bioheat transport through a double layer and multilayer biological media is presented in this work. Analytical solutions have been developed for blood and tissue phase temperatures and overall heat exchange correlations, incorporating thermal conduction in tissue and vascular system, blood-tissue convective heat exchange, metabolic heat generation, and imposed heat f...

[1] The Apollo lunar heat flow measurements gave values of 21 and 16 mW m 2 which, after extrapolation based on thorium abundances, yields a global estimate of 18 mWm . A refinement of the assumptions of the subsurface structure and the resulting focusing of heat flux later led to a revision of the global value to 12 mWm . We think that to date none of the models linking the Apollo heat flow me...

We present a theory that describes the non-local heat transport and associated thermal smoothing modeling the non-uniform laser illumination by solving the steady state Fokker-Planck (FP) equation. A method that connects higher order Chapman-Enskog expansion for low energy electrons and convolution formula for high energy ones through the self-consistent determination of the electric field is d...

We numerically investigate the radial dependence of the velocity and temperature fluctuations and of the time-averaged heat flux j ¯(r) in a cylindrical Rayleigh-Bénard cell with aspect ratio Γ=1 for Rayleigh numbers Ra between 2×10^{6} and 2×10^{9} at a fixed Prandtl number Pr=5.2. The numerical results reveal that the heat flux close to the sidewall is larger than in the center and that, just...

Thin-film evaporation in wick structures for cooling high-performance electronic devices is attractive because it harnesses the latent heat of vaporization and does not require external pumping. However, optimizing the wick structures to increase the dry-out heat flux is challenging due to the complexities in modeling the liquid-vapor interface and the flow through the wick structures. In this ...

This paper proposes and investigates the application of the gradient heat flux sensor (GHFS) for measuring the local heat flux in power electronics. Thanks to its thinness, the sensor can be placed between the semiconductor module and the heat sink. The GHFS has high sensitivity and yields direct measurements without an interruption to the normal power device operation, which makes it attractiv...

metric (mapping evapotranspiration at high resolution with internalized calibration) is known as an appropriate surface energy balance model for the estimation of the spatial distribution of evapotranspiration (et) in semi-arid regions. based on lysimeter measurements, metric has shown et estimates of 10% on a sub-field scale on a daily basis. there is a need to identify how the model is sensit...

Consider anomalous energy spread in solid phases, i.e., <Δx(2)(t)>E≡∫(x-E)(2)ρE(x,t)dx∝t(β), as induced by a small initial excess energy perturbation distribution ρE(x,t=0) away from equilibrium. The second derivative of this variance of the nonequilibrium excess energy distribution is shown to rigorously obey the intriguing relation d(2)<Δx(2)(t)>E/dt2=2CJJ(t)/(kBT(2)c), where CJJ(t) equals...

Abstract Pulsating Heat Pipes (PHP) are promising and effective passive two-phase heat transfer devices in terms of high capability, efficient thermal control, adaptability low cost therefore they have been extensively studied the last years. Many authors estimated fluxes at evaporator condenser area only average values based on first principle considerations. In present study application an in...