In recent years, there has been an increased awareness of the importance of considering lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) as a global term. Under this umbrella term, disorders of bladder function can be most effectively considered as failure to store or failure to empty. We now clearly recognise the misconceptions inherent in the assumptions that all LUTS in men are caused by benign prostatic...

ETIOLOGY Feline lower urinary tract disease (FLUTD) includes infl ammatory diseases of the lower urinary tract and non-infl ammatory conditions that cause urination in inappropriate places. Both male and female cats are affected but mostly only male cats develop urethral obstruction. Typical signs in non-obstructed cats include pollakiuria, stranguria, hematuria and urination in inappropriate p...