Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) has been the subject of intensive research since its development in the early 1980s by Barber and Brown at the Department of Medical Physics and Clinical Engineering, Hallamshire Hospital in Sheffield (UK). In particular, pulmonary measurement has been the focus of most EIT related research. One of the relatively recent advances in EIT is the development of...

BACKGROUND Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is currently treated with surfactant preparations obtained from natural sources and attempts to develop equally active synthetic surfactants have been unsuccessful. One difference in composition is that naturally derived surfactants contain the two hydrophobic proteins SP-B and SP-C while synthetic preparations contain analogues of either SP-B or S...

BACKGROUND The effect of alterations in tidal volume on mortality of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is determined by respiratory system compliance. We aimed to investigate the effects of different tidal volumes on lung strain in ARDS patients who had various levels of respiratory system compliance. METHODS Nineteen patients were divided into high (Chigh group) and low (Clow group)...

Ravikumar, Priya, Cuneyt Yilmaz, D. Merrill Dane, Robert L. Johnson, Jr., Aaron S. Estrera, and Connie C. W. Hsia. Regional lung growth following pneumonectomy assessed by computed tomography. J Appl Physiol 97: 1567–1574, 2004. First published June 18, 2004; 10.1152/japplphysiol.00396.2004.—After pneumonectomy (PNX), mechanical strain on the remaining lung is greatly increased. To assess wheth...

As in the adult with acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome, the use of lung-protective ventilation has improved outcomes for neonatal lung diseases. Animal models of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome and congenital diaphragmatic hernia have provided evidence that 'gentle ventilation' with low tidal volumes and 'open-lung' strategies of using positive end-expiratory pres...

ROBERTSON, CHARLES H., JR., CLAIRE M. ENGLE, AND MARK E. BRADLEY. Lung volumes in man immersed to the neck: dilution and plethysmographic techniques. J. Appl. Physiol. : Respirat. Environ Exercise Physiol. 446): 679682, 1978. -Previous studies of lung volumes during immersion have utilized dilution techniques for residual volume. We have compared lung volumes obtained by the use of a dual inert...

A 110 kg patient presented to the hospital emergency department after being involved in a motor vehicle collision. A full body LODOX (low-dose digital x-ray) was performed as part of the primary survey. The patient was subsequently intubated for airway protection. The utilisation of lower tidal volumes for ventilation of patients came to the fore with the ARDSNET publication. Despite the now we...

Fourteen patients undergoing single aortic or mitral valve replacement had measurements made of lung volumes, static pressure-volume (P-V) relationships, and conductance-pressure relationships during deflation before operation and again between one and two years later. At follow-up, total lung capacity (TLC), functional residual capacity (FRC), residual volume (RV), and static tidal compliance ...

Cassin, S., and A. M. Perks. Estimation of lung liquid production in fetal sheep with blue dye dextran and radioiodinated serum albumin. J Appl Physiol 92: 1531–1538, 2002; 10.1152/japplphysiol.00777.2001.—Lung liquid production and reabsorption rates and lung volumes were measured in 99 fetal sheep (119–148 days of gestation) by indicatordilution methods with the simultaneous use of blue dye d...

This study aimed to assess the potential association of periodontal diseases with lung volumes and airflow limitation in a general adult population. Based on a representative population sample of the Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP), 1463 subjects aged 25-86 years were included. Periodontal status was assessed by clinical attachment loss (CAL), probing depth and number of missing teeth. Lung...