Background: In addition to determining the exact tumor location and its geometric features, an increase of the effective tumor atomic number will enhances the chance in treating the tumoral cells under suitable radiation. In the present study, we assessed metrezoate-labeled gallium transmission in Burkett lymphatic cells. Materials and Methods: Human Burkitt lymphatic cells were grown ...

Growth of blood and lymphatic vessels is essential in the developing embryo and in the pathogenesis of human diseases such as cancer, but the signaling pathways that regulate vessel growth and function are not yet well characterized. In this issue of the JCI, studies by Fritz-Six et al. and Ichikawa-Shindo et al. demonstrate that loss of signaling by the adrenomedullin peptide results in embryo...

Due to the limitations of current imaging techniques, visualization of lymphatic capillaries within tissue in vivo has been challenging. Here, we present a label-free high resolution optical coherence tomography (OCT) based lymphangiography (OLAG) within human skin in vivo. OLAG enables rapid (~seconds) mapping of lymphatic networks, along with blood vessel networks, over 8 mm x 8 mm of human s...

Within the anterior eye, like the peripheral circulation, lymphatics preserve tissue fluid balance and immune cell recirculation; however, the choroid does not consistently exhibit conventional lymphatics, and the system for removal of excess interstitial fluid and antigen-presenting cells from the posterior eye is not yet well understood. The presence of lymphatic-like features in the choroid ...

The endothelial cell is the essential cell type forming the inner layer of the vasculature. Two families of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are almost completely endothelial cell specific: the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptors (VEGFR1-3) and the Tie receptors (Tie1 and Tie2). Both are key players governing the generation of blood and lymphatic vessels during embryonic develop...

Thrombocytopenia is a common manifestation of tumors, which usually caused by myelosuppression bone marrow involvement malignant tumor cells or radiotherapy. Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP), as paraneoplastic syndrome, more in lymphatic proliferative neoplasms and rheumatic diseases, less solid neoplasms, has not been reported peritoneal epithelioid mesothelioma.Herein, we report 45-year-old pati...

Angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis, the growth of new vessels from preexisting ones, have received increasing interest due to their role in tumor growth and metastatic spread. However, vascular remodeling, associated with vascular hyperpermeability, is also a key feature of many chronic inflammatory diseases including asthma, atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, and rheumatoid arthritis. The major dri...

Neoplastic diseases account for approximately 13% of the annual incidence of pleural effusions, and 75% of these effusions are secondary to malignancies of the lungs and breast or lymphoma. The most common pathogenic mechanisms that produce malignant pleural effusions (MPE) are (1) pleural metastasis resulting in increased membrane permeability beyond the capacity of lymphatic drainage, (2) met...

Congenital pulmonary lymphangiectasia (CPL) is a rare pathological diagnosis. It was first reported by Virchow in 1856. CPL is histologically characterized by pulmonary lymphatic dilatation without lymphatic proliferation in the subpleural, peribronchovascular and interlobular areas. The prognosis of CPL is very poor where approximately 50% of all infants are stillborn and most others usually d...

It is estimated that every year at least 500 million people in the world suffer from one or the other tropical diseases that include malaria, lymphatic filariasis, schistosomiasis, dengue, trypanosomiasis and leishmaniasis. Of late chikungunya, a serious mosquito borne epidemic has gained momentum in India. One to two million deaths are reported annually due to malaria worldwide. Lymphatic fila...