Symmetry arguments are used to show that a boundary of a magnetoelectric antiferromagnet has an equilibrium magnetization. This magnetization is coupled to the bulk antiferromagnetic order parameter and can be switched along with it by a combination of E and B fields. As a result, the antiferromagnetic domain state of a magnetoelectric can be used as a nonvolatile switchable state variable in n...

Here, M is the magnetization of an excited sample placed in a static magnetic field B0, γ is the gyromagnetic ratio, Mx, My, Mz are the components of magnetization in the x, y and z directions, M0 is the magnetization at thermal equilibrium, T1 and T2 are the longitudinal and transverse relaxation times and D is the diffusion coefficient. The first two terms of Equation 1 are the original Bloch...

With Monte Carlo simulations, we study the dynamic relaxation at perfect and imperfect surfaces of the three-dimensional Ising model with an ordered initial state. The time evolution of the surface magnetization, the line magnetization of the defect line, and the corresponding susceptibilities and second cumulants is carefully examined. Universal dynamic scaling forms including a dynamic crosso...

Iron oxide nanoparticles were synthesized by coprecipitation method using ammonia as precipitation agent. Most researchers usually add ammonia into the iron salt solution but in this work the salt solution drop wise has been added to the ammonia and the new obtained results were compared with those of other researches. Magnetic properties of nanoparticles were measured by VSM. The effect of rea...

We calculate the thermodynamic entropy of the mean-field φ spin model in the microcanonical ensemble as a function of the energy and magnetization of the model. The entropy and its derivative are obtained from the theory of large deviations, as well as from Rugh’s microcanonical formalism, which is implemented by computing averages of suitable observables in microcanonical molecular dynamics si...

PURPOSE To study the potential combined application of gadolinium and magnetization transfer in the MR imaging of intracranial tumors. METHODS Twenty-two patients were imaged at low field strength (0.1 T). Corresponding gradient-echo partial saturation images without and with magnetization transfer pulse were produced. Images with intermediate repetition times were obtained in 18 cases; five ...

Lorentz Transmission Electron Microscopy (LTEM) allows the observation of magnetization evolution in thin magnetic layers. Electron Microscopy which enables observation at a nanometric scale is sensitive to magnetic induction perpendicular to the beam. Here we show that this technique allows the magnetization process in thin layers having perpendicular magnetic anisotropy to be studied. LTEM ha...

Magnetization measurements as a function of temperature are reported for YBa2Cu3O6.5 crystal (Tc 545.2 K) for fields between 0.2 and 3.5 T. All isochamps for H.1 T intersect at T2D ! .42.8 K, implying a fluctuation contribution to the magnetization. These curves collapse into a single curve when magnetization and temperature are scaled according to the predicted ‘‘two-dimensional ~2D! scaling’’...