runoff is one of the major components of calculating water resource processes and is the main issue in hydrology. many concept models are used to predict the amount of runoff, which in most cases depend on topographical and hydrological data. conventional models are not appropriate for areas in which there is little hydrological data. changes in runoff are nonlinear, meaning it is time & space ...

Continent–continent collisions are an important tectonic process and have played a fundamental role in the evolution of the modern continents. A combination of geological and geophysical data has provided new constraints on the structure and temporal evolution of these orogens. Magnetotelluric (MT) studies have been an important part of these studies since they can constrain the fluid content a...

Introduction. Electromagnetic (EM) sounding has been widely used to reveal earth structure from depths of meters to hundreds of kilometers [e.g. 1-5] and has also probed the deep interiors of the Moon [e.g. 6-9] and the Galilean satellites [10]. The mag-netotelluric method [MT: 11,12] enables natural-source soundings from a single platform, without any external measurements or prior knowledge a...

The choice of transfer functions may strongly influence complexity and performance of neural networks. Although sigmoidal transfer functions are the most common there is no a priori reason why models based on such functions should always provide optimal decision borders. A large number of alternative transfer functions has been described in the literature. A taxonomy of activation and output fu...

where E,, E, and If,, H, represent electric and magnetic components measured along two orthogonal axes (in this paper, for simplicity, to be north and east, respectively). The elements ;,, comprise the magnetotelluric impedance tensor, and they are generally complex due to phase differences between the electric and magnetic fields. All quantities in equation (I ) are frequency dependent. For th...

We report on progress in developing a magnetotelluric inversion method for two-dimensional anisotropic conductivity distribution. A standard two-dimensional model is discretized into a number of rectangular cells, each with a constant conductivity tensor, and the solution of the inverse problem is obtained by minimizing a global objective functional consisting of data misfit, a structural const...

The choice of transfer functions may strongly influence complexity and performance of neural networks used in classification and approximation tasks. A taxonomy of activation and output functions is proposed, allowing to generate many transfer functions. Several less-known types of transfer functions and new combinations of activation/output functions are described. Functions parameterize to ch...

The paper is organized as follows. The definition of jitter transfer and its relevance to high-speed standards is first presented. We then describe the measurement concept used in this paper and construct a very simple Introspect ESP Test Procedure for the automatic collection of PLL jitter transfer functions and loop bandwidth parameters. We then describe advanced topics related to min-max VCO...