Objective: Similarities and differences among mood disorders can help psychiatrics in their exact diagnosis and more effective treatments. Therefore, the current research sought to identify differences between patients with bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder, and nonclinical group in emotional schemas. Methods: The present research was a cross-sectional study. The research sample cons...

Introduction: Major depressive disorder is a common mental condition associated with substantial morbidity and economic burden. Approved by the FDA in September 2013 for treatment of episodes of major depressive disorder, Vortioxetine is one of the newer options available in this important area of therapeutics. Materials and methods: A comprehensive literature search (PubMed, the Cochrane libr...

posttraumatic stress disorder (ptsd) occurs following exposure to potentially traumatic experiences such as those regularly encountered by emergency service workers (police, ambulance and firemen/women) and servicemen/women. ptsd is associated with high rates of somatic comorbidities including metabolic syndrome contributing to an excess mortality rate due to preventable cardiovascular diseases...

BACKGROUND Smoking is disproportionately prevalent among people with psychiatric illness. AIMS To investigate smoking as a risk factor for major depressive disorder. METHOD A population-based sample of women was studied using case-control and retrospective cohort study designs. Exposure to smoking was self-reported, and major depressive disorder diagnosed using the Structured Clinical Inter...