The existence of numerous neuropeptides in milk, in concentrations that exceed those in maternal plasma, is well established. It is still unclear whether these neuropeptides are produced by the mammary gland or that the gland concentrates them from the general circulation. In this study, we have examined the possibility that the genes of these neuropeptides are expressed in the rat mammary glan...

MicroRNA (miRNA) plays a key role in development and specific biological processes, such as cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Extensive studies of mammary miRNAs have been performed in different species and tissues. However, little is known about porcine mammary gland miRNAs. In this study, we report the identification and characterization of miRNAs in the lactating mammary gl...

We have generated a new and improved transgenic mouse strain that permits a temporally controlled expression of transgenes throughout mammary gland development. High expression of the tetracycline-regulatible transactivator (tTA) under control of the mouse mammary tumor virus long terminal repeat (MMTV-LTR) is restricted to mammary epithelial cells and the salivary gland. The novel MMTV-tTA mou...

Saturable, high-affinity binding sites for 3,5,3'-triiodo-u-thyronine (T3) were identified in isolated nuclei and solubilized chromatin extracts of mammary glands, spontaneous mam mary tumors, and liver from C3H/HeN mice. Receptor concen tration in whole mammary gland nuclei (254 fmol/mg DMA) was only about one-half that of mouse liver nuclei (536 fmol/ mg DNA), but in molecular weight (55,000)...

The mammary gland is one of the few adult tissues that strongly induce de novo fatty acid synthesis upon physiological stimulation, suggesting that fatty acid is important for milk production during lactation. The committed enzyme to perform this function is fatty acid synthase (FASN). To determine whether de novo fatty acid synthesis is obligatory or dietary fat is sufficient for mammary gland...

apparent correlation between the susceptibility of a strain to mammary tumor development and the ability of its normal mammary gland receptors to bind estradici. The receptor appears to be in the parenchyma! elements of the gland. The spontaneous mammary tumor showed binding capacities significantly lower than the normal gland, based on wet weight tissue and DNA content. There is no correlation...

The identification of mammary gland stem cells (MGSC) or progenitors is important for the study of normal breast development and tumorigenesis. Based on their immunophenotype, we have isolated a population of mouse mammary gland cells that are capable of forming "mammospheres" in vitro. Importantly, mammospheres are enriched for cells that regenerate an entire mammary gland on implantation into...

1. The mode of uptake ofthe precursors ofmilk fat by the mammary gland of the lactating goat has been examined by infusing radioactive fatty acids, glycerol or doubly labelled triglycerides into the mammary artery or jugular vein of animals surgically prepared to permit samples of arterial and venous blood to be withdrawn without disturbance to the animal. 2. Acetate was taken up by the mammary...

It is well established that estrogen is required for mammary epithelial cell proliferation and ductal development in the growing animal, and that lobuloalveolar development during gestation is dependent on progesterone. The effects of these steroid hormones on gene expression in the mammary gland are mediated primarily by their respective nuclear hormone receptors, which function as hormone-bou...

The rat mammary gland has a high content of ribonucleic acid during late pregnancy when the gland is functionally inactive (Greenbaum & Slater, 1957b). Slater (1956) suggested that this high level of ribonucleic acid might result from a very low activity of nucleic acid-degrading enzymes (ribonucleases) during late pregnancy. Rat mammary gland contains high concentrations of heavymetal ions, e....