objective(s): it has been reported that the mutation of the pre-core (pc) and basal-core promoter (bcp) may play an important role in the development of hbv-related hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc). in this study the pc and bcp mutations were investigated in chronic hbv patients. materials and methods:in this study, 120 chronic hbv patients from golestan, northeast of iran who were not vaccinated...

AcrAB-TolC is a major efflux pump in Escherichia coli. It was reported that tolC is overexpressed and involves in improving the organic solvent tolerance level in Escherichia coli marR mutants that are resistant to several antibiotics, such as ciprofloxacin. Low and intermediate levels resistance did not improve organic solvent tolerance. Thus, in this descriptive-experimental study it was deci...

OBJECTIVES To stepwise select tigecycline-resistant Escherichia coli mutants in vitro, determine the mutation rates, identify the resistance mechanisms, determine the resistance level and cross-resistance to other antibiotic classes, evaluate the fitness costs of tigecycline resistance mechanisms and investigate if the same in vitro-identified target genes were mutated in clinical isolates. M...

When knowledge management (KM) began to emerge in the 1990s it was seen as an innovative solution to the problems of managing knowledge in a competitive and increasingly internationalised business environment. However, in practice it was often little more than information management re-badged (Wilson, 2002). More recently, there has been recognition of the importance of more subtle, softer type...

This paper presents a new algorithm for locating the boundaries of textured regions (both step changes and outliers) using a robust estimator. Previous robust image lters perform poorly on binary images, blur edges, round corners, and run slowly. I avoid artifacts on binary images by modelling them as continuous and interpolating values. Information is combined directly between non-adjacent loc...

It is twenty-five years since the posthumous publication of David Marr's book Vision[1]. Only 35 years old when he died, Marr had already dramatically influenced vision research. His book, and the series of papers that preceded it, have had a lasting impact on the way that researchers approach human and computer vision.

A cluster of genes for the anaerobic degradation of benzoate has been described for the phototrophic bacterium Rhodopseudomonas palustris. Here we provide an initial analysis of the regulation of anaerobic benzoate degradation by examining the contributions of two regulators: a new regulator, BadR, encoded by the benzoate degradation gene cluster, and a previously described regulator, AadR, who...