BACKGROUND/AIMS Depth of invasion is one of the most important factors for establishing treatment strategy for colorectal tumors. METHODS Three blinded experts reviewed electronic photos and video clips of 33 early colorectal cancer-like lesions. They estimated the depth of invasion based on conventional white light endoscopy (CWE), magnifying chromoendoscopy (MCE), and magnifying narrow band...

Background:It is well known that collateral circulation has important roles in ischemic heart diseases. The method most commonly used at present to evaluate collateral flow is coronary angiography. However, there are debates about the functional significance of angiographically visible collaterals because angiography visualizes only vessels that are larger than 100um in diameter. Recent studies...

In this paper, we generalize the training error definitions for minimum classification error (MCE) training and investigate their impact on recognition performance. Starting the conventional MCE method, we discuss with three issues in regard to training error definition, which may affect the recognizer performance and need to be extensively studied. We focus our discussions on the first two asp...

It is well known that the minimal change principle was widely used in knowledge base updates. However, recent research has shown that conventional minimal change methods, eg. the PMA 9], are generally problematic for updating knowledge bases with disjunctive information under some circumstances. In this paper, we propose a new approach, which is called the minimal change with exceptions (the MC...

OBJECTIVE This study sought to compare the accuracy of myocardial contrast echocardiography (MCE) and wall motion analysis (WMA) during submaximal and peak dobutamine stress echocardiography (DSE) for the diagnosis of coronary artery disease (CAD). BACKGROUND The relative merits of MCE and WMA for the detection of CAD during DSE have not been studied in a large number of patients. METHODS W...

OBJECTIVE To prospectively examine the association between tea consumption and the risk of ischaemic heart disease (IHD). METHODS Prospective study using the China Kadoorie Biobank; participants from 10 areas across China were enrolled during 2004-2008 and followed up until 31 December 2013. After excluding participants with cancer, heart disease and stroke at baseline, the present study incl...

Taxus baccata is a native species to the Caspian forests and is considered as the identification of these forests by some resources. The aim of this study was to understand the ecological characteristics of T. baccata in order to find suitable areas for its plantation in the Pone Aram preserve of Golestan province. Therefore, Multi-Criteria Evaluation (MCE) methods based on Analytical Hierarchy...

Magnetoencephalographic(MEG) data are typically interpreted using source models because of the nonunique inverse problem. Although single current dipoles, adequately representing local active areas, can be identified accurately, multiple and overlapping sources form a challenge for MEG modeling. We tested the performances of multidipole modeling and minimum current estimate (MCE) in the analysi...