BACKGROUND Professional societies use metrics to evaluate medical schools' policies regarding interactions of students and faculty with the pharmaceutical and medical device industries. We compared these metrics and determined which US medical schools' industry interaction policies were associated with student behaviors. METHODS AND FINDINGS Using survey responses from a national sample of 1,...

BACKGROUND It has been proven that the interaction between pharmaceutical representatives and physicians can directly influence the latter's prescribing behaviour. This meta-synthesis aims to explore the available studies regarding the nature of the interaction that takes place between pharmaceutical representatives and physicians. It highlights the different aspects of that interaction by inve...

BACKGROUND Drug promotion by medical representatives is one of the factors that influence physicians' prescribing decisions and choice of drugs. OBJECTIVE To assess the influence of medical representatives on prescribing practice of physicians in health facilities, Mekelle, Northern Ethiopia. MATERIALS AND METHODS Facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted enrolling all physicians w...

Pharmaceutical companies have been known to pose stress and mental harassment on medical sales representatives (MSRs) in-order to increase pharmaceutical sales. This cross sectional descriptive study, conducted during November and December 2014 in the Lahore and Bahawalpur districts of Punjab, Pakistan, evaluates the Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) and extent of depression among MSRs in ...

the democratic system is applied by three methods; by the representatives of people (indirect or representative democracy); by the people and their representative; and by the people themselves. in the constitution of the countries who accepted the national sovereignty doctrine the people's regime will be only applied by their representatives (like members of parliament, primeminister, the ...

CONTEXT Controversy exists over the fact that physicians have regular contact with the pharmaceutical industry and its sales representatives, who spend a large sum of money each year promoting to them by way of gifts, free meals, travel subsidies, sponsored teachings, and symposia. OBJECTIVE To identify the extent of and attitudes toward the relationship between physicians and the pharmaceuti...

Medical education is a fundamental link in the formation of qualified medical personnel. At different periods development health care system, system workers was also revised and improved. The article describes stages postgraduate Armenia. To assess current situation necessity to update education, we conducted survey which participated clinical residents, employees, heads departments, workers, l...