Introduction: In order to reduce patient setup error in treatment field, portal images with treatment beam (megavoltage x-ray) are widely used. These images are acquired by electronic portal imaging devices (EPID). However, portal images suffer from insufficient anatomical information, contrast, and spatial resolution, because of the fact that Compton scatter is the main photon...

Introduction: The accuracy of the patient setup and tumor location are major factors that determine the efficacy of radiotherapy treatment planning. In the prostate radiotherapy, reproducibility of the prostate location for each treatment fraction is problematic owing to varying filling of the rectum and bladder. According to this, the aim of this study was to measure the inte...

We have carried out sequential prospective studies of treatment with surgery alone, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy in malignant mesothelioma of the pleura. The survival of treated patients was contrasted with that of 64 contemporary untreated patients whose clinical condition at presentation was comparable with that of the treated patients. Non-radical surgery alone (28 patients) was of palliat...

Objective: Radiosensitisation caused by titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2-NPs) is investigated using phantoms (PRESAGE® dosimeters) and in vitro using two types of cell lines, cultured human keratinocyte (HaCaT) and prostate cancer (DU145) cells. Methods: Anatase TiO2-NPs were synthesised, characterised and functionalised to allow dispersion in culture-medium for in vitro studies and halocar...

1 Department of Radiology, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran 2 Radiotherapy Physics Unit, Radiotherapy Department, Namazee Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran 3 Civil Engineering Department, School of Engineering, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran 4 Department of Nuclear Engineering, School of Engineering, Shiraz Universi...

This clinical practice guideline is a set of evidence-based recommendations to assist radiographers, radiotherapy nurses, and the wider radiotherapy workforce, in advising patients how to care for their skin while undergoing a course of radical external beam radiotherapy (excluding proton therapy). It has been developed systematically using the best available evidence from research and expert o...

The concept of whole retina radiotherapy for infants and youngsters with retinoblastoma is not new. Such treatment was pioneered in the early 1960's shortly after the linear accelerator became available for medical use (Bagshaw & Kaplan, 1966). The linear accelerator provided the possibility of using focused small field megavoltage radiation beams to treat the entire retina while simultaneously...

Background: In radiotherapy, low-energy photon beams are better adapted to the treated volume, and the use of high-energy beams can reduce hot spots in the radiation therapy. Therefore, mixing low and high energies with different ratios can control the rate of hotspots, as well as the dose distribution of the target volume.Material and Methods: The percentage depth doses (PDDs) were calculated ...

The purpose of this study is to characterize and understand the long-term behavior of the output from megavoltage radiotherapy linear accelerators. Output trends of nine beams from three linear accelerators over a period of more than three years are reported and analyzed. Output, taken during daily warm-up, forms the basis of this study. The output is measured using devices having ion chambers....

The AAPM Task Group 40 reported that in vivo dosimetry can be used to identify major deviations in treatment delivery in radiation therapy. In this paper, we investigate the feasibility of using one single diode to perform in vivo dosimetry in the entire radiotherapeutic energy range regardless of its intrinsic buildup material. The only requirement on diode selection would be to choose a diode...