Theory and experiment on the London moment is reviewed. A simple mathematical model is motivated and then used to study the responses of a spherical superconductor to an external field and to rotation. It reveals a connection between perfect diamagnetism (Meissner effect) and the London moment. In the model neither of these are exact but the deviation from B = 0 internal field in the former and...

Superconductivity was first discovered around 1913 by Heike Kamerlingh-Onnes as a result of his systematic study of conductivity at very low temperatures using liquid Helium. He discovered that the resistance of Mercury suddenly dropped to zero at 4.2 Kelvin. Thus at 4.2K mercury makes a transition from normal conducting state to superconductive state. This temperature at which a material’s res...

Several phenomena associated with superconductivity are observed in three experiments carried out in a liquid helium cryostat. The transition to the superconducting state of several bulk samples of Type I and II superconductors is observed in measurements of the exclusion of magnetic field (the Meisner effect) as the temperature is gradually reduced by the flow of cold gas from boiling helium. ...

We have calculated the polarization tensor Π ab (P ), a, b = 1, . . . , 8, γ, for gluons and photons in different colorsuperconducting phases. We have explicitly computed its zero-energy, low-momentum limit for the two-flavor color superconducting (2SC), color-flavor-locking (CFL), polar, and color-spin-locking (CSL) phases, which yield the Debye and Meissner masses. These masses determine the ...