Plate tectonics and volcanism involve the formation, migration, and interaction of magma and gas. Experiments show that melt inclusions subjected to a thermal gradient migrate through olivine crystals, under the kinetic control of crystal-melt interface mechanisms. Exsolved gas bubbles remain fixed and eventually separate from the melt. Scaled to thermal gradients in Earth's mantle and geologic...

Fe–Mg exchange is the most important solid solution involved in for Fe–Mg exchange between the coexisting crystalline phases and melt, KdFe–Mg, show a relatively simple and predictable behaviour partial melting of spinel lherzolite, and the system CaO– MgO–Al2O3–SiO2–FeO (CMASF) is ideally suited to explore with pressure and temperature: the coefficients for olivine and spinel do not show signi...

A few experiments have detected icosahedral superclusters in undercooled liquids. These superclusters survive above the crystal melting temperature Tm because all their surface atoms have the same fusion heat as their core atoms, and are melted by liquid homogeneous and heterogeneous nucleation in their core, depending on superheating time and temperature. They act as heterogeneous growth nucle...

We investigate melt generation in a slowly extending lithosphere with the aim of understanding the spatial and temporal relationships between magmatism and preexisting rift systems. We present numerical models that consider feedback between melt generation and lithospheric deformation, and we incorporate three different damage mechanisms: brittle damage, creep damage, and melt damage. Melt cond...

High-resolution Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy has been used to document the presence of hydrogen, to estimate its concentration, and to document its oxygen speciation in anorthoclase crystals and associated melt inclusions from Mount Erebus, Antarctica. Synchrotron-generated infrared radiation, 100 to 1000 times brighter than globar-generated infrared radiation, permits rapid c...

[1] The observed differences between complex craters and multi-ringed basins are described and a combined ‘‘transient cavity/displaced zone/melt cavity’’ model is explored to account for the observations. In this ‘‘nested melt-cavity model’’, the increasing influence of the percentage of the target undergoing impact melting at the sub-impact point with increasing size (the differential melt sca...

hot-melt extrusion is one of the most widely applied processing technologies in the plastic, rubber and food industry. today this technology has found its place in the array of pharmaceutical manufacturing operations. melt extrusion process are currently applied in the pharmaceutical field for the manufacture of a variety of dosage forms and formulations such as granules, pellets, tablets, supp...

The stress corrosion cracking (SCC) of 316L stainless steel manufactured by laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) was investigated slow strain rate tests in 6 wt% FeCl3. effects build orientation and surface roughness on the SCC LPBF were also investigated. LBPF revealed higher uniform elongation compared to wrought 316L. Specimens tested perpendicular direction showed a greater susceptibility SCC, wi...

a generalization of the known results in fusion frames and $g$-frames theory to continuous fusion frames which defined by m. h. faroughi and r. ahmadi, is presented in this study. continuous resolution of the identity (cri) is introduced, a new family of cri is constructed, and a number of reconstruction formulas are obtained. also, new results are given on the duality of continuous fusion fram...

abstract  background: spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis can be associated with significant  low back pain, especially in physically active adolescents. non-operative management  is usually successful in improving symptoms, but surgical intervention is  occasionally required. the aim of this study was to determine the effect of in situ posterolateral  fusion in the treatment of refractory case...