This is the second special supplement published by CLINICS, following hard upon the heels of our issue on Neural and Behavioral aspects of the human mind (1-8). It is dedicated to the theme of multiple endocrine neoplasias (MENs) types 1 and 2, and we believe, it is especially valuable because we have collected the views of several well-known specialists in this highly specific field from 12 di...

Philosophers and legal scholars have long theorized about how intentionality serves as a critical input for morality and culpability, but the emerging field of experimental philosophy has revealed a puzzling asymmetry. People judge actions leading to negative consequences as being more intentional than those leading to positive ones. The implications of this asymmetry remain unclear because the...

One of the readily available sources of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is menstrual blood-derived stem cells (Men-SCs), which exhibit characteristics similar to other types of MSCs. This study was performed to determine the growth kinetics, plasticity, and characterization of Men-SCs in women. During spring 2014 in the southern Iranian city of Shiraz, menstrual blood (5 mL) was obtained from 10 ...

Do the Model Penal Code’s (MPC) provisions on mental states need revision? The question might seem preposterous. After all, many believe that these provisions count as the MPC’s greatest achievement: they clarify and simplify mental state categories, and replace an undifferentiated focus on the mens rea of an offense with a more careful focus on the mens rea for each element of an offense. The ...

one of the important problems concerning women in iranian organizations is the stereotype attitudes towards women inherited from the past. many of these negative attitudes have been made by men, and that’s why, women's efficiency and effectiveness in organizations seems low as compared to that of men. this study attempts to examine the popular clichés concerning women's organizational...

objective(s) rapid tests for detection of streptococcus agalactiae or group b streptococci (gbs) at the onset of labor are needed to permit early intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis. this study aimed to evaluate the pcr assays targeting the 16s ribosomal rna gene (16s rdna) for detection of the gbs in comparison with a specific culture method. materials and methods two swabs were used to obtain ...

Using a field experiment in Malawi where applicants took part in a competitive selection process to become qualified for future surveyor positions with a local firm, we find that highly skilled women are systematically disadvantaged through the use of referrals. This happens both because men choose to recommend other men, and because women on average refer fewer candidates who qualify for the p...