A novel fabrication process is proposed for manufacturing thin-film metal Fresnel lenses for X-ray applications. This process combines diamond turning technology and photolithographic processes. To prevent thin-film lens substrates from deflection during diamond turning, films were prepared on single crystalline silicon wafers by electrolytic plating. After the Fresnel lens structure is generat...

In this work, we use a two-step metal-assisted chemical etching method to produce films of silicon nanowires shaped in micrograins from metallurgical-grade polycrystalline silicon powder. The first step is an electroless plating process where the powder was dipped for few minutes in an aqueous solution of silver nitrite and hydrofluoric acid to permit Ag plating of the Si micrograins. During th...

Occupational exposures to inhalation of certain metal dusts or aerosols can cause loss of olfactory acuity, atrophy of the nasal mucosa, mucosal ulcers, perforated nasal septum, or sinonasal cancer. Anosmia and hyposmia have been observed in workers exposed to Ni- or Cd-containing dusts in alkaline battery factories, nickel refineries, and cadmium industries. Ulcers of the nasal mucosa and perf...

The large volumes of water used in rinsing operations in the plating industry may contain cyanides, chromium, nickel, and zinc, resulting in a substantial loss of valuable plating chemicals. From an economic viewpoint, particular consideration should be given to measures that will permit recovery of chemicals and water for reuse. In view of the wide variety of conditions found in plating practi...

Bifacial (BF) copper-plated crystalline silicon solar cell is an attractive topic to concurrently reduce silver consumption and maintain good device performance. However, it still challenging realize a high aspect ratio (AR) of the metal fingers. Herein, new type hybrid-shaped Cu finger electromagnetically fabricated in BF plating process. Cyclic voltammetry employed disclose electrochemical be...

a r t i c l e i n f o Zn–Ni, Zn–Co and Zn–Ni–Co coatings were electrodeposited on mild steel from an acidic chloride bath containing p-aminobenzenesulphonic acid (SA) and gelatin. These additives changed the phase content in the coatings, most likely as a result of their adsorption at the surface of the cathode. The effect of gelatin was more pronounced than that of SA. The Faradaic efficiency ...

For the current PV production about 2000 tons of silver are consumed per year, 10% entire world annual supply. The is expected to grow significantly in next decades order enable energy transition 100% renewables. Annual volumes terawatt range predicted already for 2030 and this may lead higher price put more pressure on industry replace by copper.Within Ameliz project several patterning approac...

Graphite is the dominant anode material for lithium-ion batteries; however, it still suffers from Li-plating when charging fast or at low temperature, and associated with performance fading safety concerns. Herein, we clarify mechanism of lithium evolution graphite particles by over-lithiation cycle test, in-situ XRD, titration gas chromatography. We observe that intercalation compounds (GICs, ...

an emission factor is a tool that is used to estimate air pollutant emissions to the atmosphere. it relates the quantity of pollutants released from a source to some activities associated with those emissions. to determine the quantity of pollutant released from copper and its alloys smelting furnaces, 63 samples from emission gases were collected on cellulose ester membrane filters in three 8-...