INTRODUCTION Diagnosis of mild TBI is hampered by the lack of imaging or biochemical measurements for identifying or quantifying mild TBI in a clinical setting. We have previously shown increased biomarker levels of protein reflecting axonal (neurofilament light protein and tau) and glial (GFAP and S-100B) damage in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) after a boxing bout. The aims of this study were to f...

BACKGROUND Axonal injury after traumatic brain injury (TBI) may cause impaired sensory integration. We aim to determine the effects of childhood TBI on visual integration in relation to general neurocognitive functioning. METHODS We compared children aged 6-13 diagnosed with TBI (n = 103; M = 1.7 years post-injury) to children with traumatic control (TC) injury (n = 44). Three TBI severity gr...

Most traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) that occur every year are classified as "mild." Individuals involved in high-risk activities may sustain multiple mild TBIs. We evaluated the acute physiologic and histopathologic consequences of mild TBI in a mouse model, comparing sham injury, single impact, or 5 impacts at a 24- or 48-hour interinjury interval. A single closed skull impact resulted in bil...

Abstract Introduction Mild traumatic brain injuries (TBI) induce persistent dysregulated sleep, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and inflammation. Nucleotide-binding domain leucine rich family pyrin containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasomes are protein complexes that stimulate caspase-1 to activate the somnogenic pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β IL-18. ROS thioredoxin interacting (TXNIP) NLRP3 by inhibi...

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a serious public health problem. Even injuries classified as mild, the most common, can result in persistent neurobehavioural impairment. Diffuse axonal injury is a common finding after TBI, and is presumed to contribute to outcomes, but may not always be apparent using standard neuroimaging. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is a more recent method of assessing axo...

OBJECTIVE To describe the prevalence and psychological correlates of traumatic brain injury (TBI) among injured male combatants in the Iraq conflict. PARTICIPANTS A total of 781 men injured during military combat between September 2004 and February 2005. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Mental health diagnosis (ICD-9 290-319), particularly posttraumatic stress disorder and mood/anxiety disorders, assi...

BACKGROUND Feedback learning is essential for behavioral development. We investigated feedback learning in relation to behavior problems after pediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI). METHOD Children aged 6-13 years diagnosed with TBI (n = 112; 1.7 years post-injury) were compared with children with traumatic control (TC) injury (n = 52). TBI severity was defined as mild TBI without risk facto...

BACKGROUND Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) may lead to significant impairments in personal, social and professional life. However, knowledge of the influence on long-term outcome after TBI is sparse. We therefore aimed to investigate the subjective effects of TBI on long-term outcome at a minimum of 10 years after trauma in one of the largest study populations in Germany. METHODS The current inv...