Breast feeding is known to protect an infant against gastrointestinal pathogens and epidemiological studies indicate that compared to breast fed infants, formula fed infants are at a greater risk of dying from sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). Many SIDS infants have symptoms of gastrointestinal infections prior to death and one gastrointestinal pathogen associated with SIDS is Clostridium pe...

Professional heifer growers and dairy producers are faced with the challenge of raising healthy calves, while still paying close attention to rearing costs and profit. Factors that may be considered in selecting a liquid feeding program may include the number of calves fed, economics and cash flow, nutritional characteristics, calf performance targets, resource availability (e.g. consistent sup...

This study was designed to determine the effects of semen type and calf gender on milk yield parameters, electrical conductivity flow values postpartum maternal body weight. A total 265 Holstein cows in first lactation were used study. The effect sperm weight levels after calving significant (P0.05). Heifers inseminated with sexed had higher 100-days yield, peak lactation. Milk duration heifers...

Suckling goats were fed ad libitum during the first month of their life by goat milk or by a milk replacer. These diets differed in the amount of fat and the type of protein. The composition of the exocrine pancreatic secretion in the basal period and in response to food were compared in both conditions. Pancreatic juice was collected one hour before meal intake up to the 8th postprandial hour....

The objective of this work was to develop an artificial neural network model to predict milk temperature of a locally fabricated solar milk pasteuriser, based on measures of error deviation from experimental data. A three-layer feed-forward neural network model based on back propagation algorithm was developed using the Neural Network Toolbox for MATLAB ® . The inputs of the model were ambient ...

The physiology of milk ejection has been thoroughly studied. In 1910, Ott and Scott (1910) discovered that extracts from the posterior pituitary could cause an increase in milk flow from a cannulated teat and some years later it was observed that the extracts from the posterior pituitary caused an increase in intra mammary pressure (Gaines, 1915). In 1941, it was observed that milk ejection was...

Mathematical model and dynamic simulation technique of plate heat exchangers (PHEs) with rapid fouling effects were presented. Crank Nicolson’s method and the ghost node technique were used to solve the thermal model. Effects of fouling were added to model through the overall heat transfer coefficient correlation. Rung Kutta 4 was used to receive the integral value of the fouling model. An expe...

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of length of chop of corn silage and forage:concentrate ratio (F:C) on performance and milk fatty acid profiles in dairy cows supplemented with flaxseed. Our hypothesis was that decreasing forage particle length and F:C ratio would increase unsaturated fatty acid flow to the small intestine and subsequent transfer of these unsaturated fatty acids into mi...

The healthy action of probiotics is not only due to their nutritional properties and their influence on the gastrointestinal environment, but also to their action on the immune system. The aim of the present study was to determine if 6 weeks of probiotic intake would be able to modulate the immune system in women who had recently delivered and were breast-feeding. The design consisted of a rand...

Human milk handling guidelines are very demanding, based upon solid scientific evidence that handling methods can make a real difference in infant health and nutrition. Indeed, properly stored milk maintains many of its unique qualities and continues to be the second and third best infant feeding alternatives, much superior to artificial feeding. Container type and shape, mode of steering, amou...