Abstract While unemployment rates in Europe declined after the global financial crisis until 2018/2019, incidence of long-term unemployment, share people who have been unemployed for >1 year to total unemployed, remained high. Moreover, COVID-19 pandemic could aggravate unemployment. This paper explores factors associated with European countries using a panel 25 over period 2000–2018. We fin...

We study whether ESG investing may mitigate the risk of contagion among equity mutual funds. More precisely, we measure impact fire-sale spillover, propagating throughout financial system, on funds ranked aspects. compare relative loss capitalization experienced by high- and low-ranked Contagion, which is indirect since are not exposed to counterparty risk, modeled using a network structure. In...

The sentencing of an offender is not determined in a vacuum. Certain guidelines and principles have been developed that should be applied every case: the circumstances case; severity crime; mitigating aggravating factors regarding offender; interests society; purposes specifically deterrence, prevention, rehabilitation retribution, as well mercy. focus this note only on single aspect equation, ...

Abstract This pilot study looks at how the author proactively sought to mitigate issue of cheating when giving online tests during Spring 2021 semester, a time Covid-19 pandemic forced many teachers around world use modalities that involved distance learning. The genesis, implementation and results strategy used free response exams an undergraduate course in differential equations are described...