Despite multiple attempts to infer the higher-level phylogenetic relationships of skipper butterflies (Family Hesperiidae), uncertainties in the deep clade relationships persist. The most recent phylogenetic analysis included fewer than 30% of known genera and data from three gene markers. Here we reconstruct the higher-level relationships with a rich sampling of ten nuclear and mitochondrial m...

Abstract Dermacentor variabilis is the most widely distributed three-host tick in North America, and transmits a variety of pathogens. Within United States, this species has discontinuous distribution, widespread east Rocky Mountains with few populations west Rockies. Phylogenetic evidence based on individual markers or relatively small data sets suggested that at both sides geographic barrier ...

Summary Specimens of a thin longidorid species collected in Peñalba (Huesca), north-west Spain, were previously described as Paralongidorus iberis . However, we conclude, through scanning electron microscopy and molecular studies on population from about 15 km the type locality paratype specimens, that this was originally placed wrong genus. Both populations have pore-like amphidial apertures, ...

The quantitative analysis of subcellular organelles such as mitochondria in cell fluorescence microscopy images is a demanding task because the inherent challenges segmentation these small and morphologically diverse structures. In this article, we demonstrate use machine learning-aided pipeline for quantification mitochondrial morphology fixed cells. deep learning-based tool trained on simulat...

Mitochondria divide and fuse continuously, and the balance between these two processes regulates mitochondrial shape. Alterations in mitochondrial dynamics are associated with neurodegenerative diseases. Here we investigate the physiological and cellular functions of mitochondrial division in postmitotic neurons using in vivo and in vitro gene knockout for the mitochondrial division protein Drp...

Mitochondrial dysfunctions, which underlie many systemic diseases in animals and humans, may arise from accumulation of mutations the mitochondrial genome. PolG-alpha enzyme encoded by Polg gene is crucial for replication repair The aim this study was to assess possible role dysfunctions using vitro vivo animal models. experiments involved transgenic mice with inducible expression mutant varian...

the archaeological evidence suggests that iran has been one of the first origins of sheep domestication in the world. this study aims to investigate the genetic diversity of indigenous iranian sheep breeds using mitochondrial dna (mtdna) and to explore the evolutionary history of sheep domestication in iran. single nucleotide polymorphism (snp) markers in the control region of mtdna were used t...