Efficient chromosomal movements are important for the fidelity of chromosome segregation during mitosis; however, movements are constrained during interphase by tethering of multiple domains to the nuclear envelope (NE). Higher eukaryotes undergo open mitosis accompanied by NE breakdown, enabling chromosomes to be released from the NE, whereas lower eukaryotes undergo closed mitosis, in which N...

Differentiation and proliferation are usually considered to be antagonistic partners in development. However, in a recent issue of Science, Al Jord et al. (2017) show that key regulators of the mitotic cycle are redeployed in differentiating multiciliated cells to promote ciliogenesis without mitotic progression.

Mitosis is a fast process that involves dramatic cellular remodeling and has a high energy demand. Whether autophagy is active or inactive during the early stages of mitosis in a naturally dividing cell is still debated. Here we aimed to use multiple assays to resolve this apparent discrepancy. Although the LC3 puncta number was reduced in mitosis, the four different cell lines we tested all ha...

The protein kinase activity of the DNA-PKcs (DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit) and its autophosphorylation are critical for DBS (DNA double-strand break) repair via NHEJ (non-homologous end-joining). Recent studies have shown that depletion or inactivation of DNA-PKcs kinase activity also results in mitotic defects. DNA-PKcs is autophosphorylated on Ser2056, Thr2647 and Thr2609 in...

At the onset of mitosis, most adherent cells undergo cell retraction characterised by the disassembly of focal adhesions and actin stress fibres. Mitosis takes place in rounded cells, and the two daughter cells spread again after cytokinesis. Because of the well-documented ability of the small GTPase Rap1 to stimulate integrin-dependent adhesion and spreading, we assessed its role during mitosi...

In this paper, we propose a Two-Stream Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (TS-BLSTM) for the task of mitosis event detection and stage localization in time-lapse phase contrast microscopy image sequences. Our method consists of two steps. First, we extract candidate mitosis image sequences. Then, we solve the problem of mitosis event detection and stage localization jointly by the proposed TS...

Cyclin A2 is a key player in the regulation of the cell cycle. Its degradation in mid-mitosis depends primarily on the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS), while autophagy also contributes. However, a fraction of cyclin A2 persists beyond metaphase. In this work, we focus on cyclin A2-rich foci detected in mitosis by high resolution imaging and analyse their movements. We demonstrate that cyclin ...

During mitosis, RNA polymerase II (Pol II) and many transcription factors dissociate from chromatin, and transcription ceases globally. Transcription is known to restart in bulk by telophase, but whether de novo transcription at the mitosis-G1 transition is in any way distinct from later in interphase remains unknown. We tracked Pol II occupancy genome-wide in mammalian cells progressing from m...

Entry into mitosis depends on the activity of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs). Conversely, exit from mitosis occurs when mitotic cyclins are degraded, thereby extinguishing CDK activity. Exit from mitosis must also require mitotic phosphoproteins to revert to their interphase hypophosphorylated forms, but there is a controversy about which phosphatase(s) is/are responsible for dephosphorylating...

The need to determine the mutagenic ability of waste waters from pharmaceutical industry is on rise. With aid macro and micro assay root tip, this study was carried out assess genotoxic effects varied concentrations three effluents (Ciprofloxacin, Arthemetrin Psuedophedrin) Allium cepa tip during mitosis. chemical evaluation confirmed presence a few heavy metals with potentials (Ni, Zn, Pb Cu)....