The modified discrete cosine transforms (MDCT) and its inverse (IMDCT) has become important for audio codec. MDCT/IMDCT algorithms are widely applied to realize the analysis/synthesis filter banks of the time-domain aliasing cancellation scheme for sub band coding in various audio standards. The inverse modified discrete cosine transform (IMDCT) is the most computational intensive operations in...

Utilization of the subclavian artery in establishing an anastomotic shunt between major portions of the cardiovascular system for application to congenital cardiovascular anomalies was first suggested by Blalock and Park (1944). Subsequently, its practicability has been demonstrated in uncounted instances, Blalock (1948) and Ravitch (1953) describing over 1,100 cases in which this procedure was...

The measurement of pulmonary artery pressure and resistance is crucial in the management of older patients with cyanotic congenital heart disease. This is especially important in patients who have had previous palliative surgery or known right ventricular outlet obstruction.' The ability to measure pulmonary artery pressure is often hampered by the presence of significant derangements of cardia...

In 64 children with transposition of the great arteries who underwent a Blalock-Hanlon procedure , pre-and postoperative electrocardiograms were studied regarding the incidence and nature of rhythm disturbances. In another group of 19 patients with transposition of the great arteries, the atrial septal defect was created by a different surgical technique (fossa ovalis resection); this group was...

BACKGROUND In tetralogy of Fallot (TOF), it is well known that postoperative pulmonary regurgitation reduces right ventricular function during long-term follow-up. Complete repair without a transannular patch should help avoid pulmonary regurgitation. Recently, primary complete repair has been preferred to the staged repair with use of a Blalock-Taussig shunt (BTS) even in neonates or small inf...

Between June 1978 and January 1982, 115 patients underwent 122 subclavian artery-pulmonary artery shunts using polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE Impra) grafts. Forty-six of the patients had a ductus dependent pulmonary circulation, the patency of which was maintained by an infusion of prostaglandin E2 in 29 cases. There were nine hospital deaths, four of which were related to shunt failure. Five pa...

Pulmonary artery coarctation often happens in patients with pulmonary atresia. The correction has been usually performed using cardiopulmonary bypass and during the neonatal period, influencing pulmonary artery development and prognosis. Three patients with pulmonary atresia with PDA underwent correction using median sternotomy without cardiopulmonary bypass. The PDA maintained the arterial sat...