BACKGROUND Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer among women, and the second cause of cancer mortality after pulmonary cancer in this gender. Radiotherapy is one of the major treatments, which locally controls the disease and prohibits in recurrency. Radiation pneumonitis is one of the radiotherapy complications, which usually occurs within 1.5-3 months after radiotherapy. As there is...

Breast cancer (BC) is the second leading cause of death as a result of neoplasia in Mexico. This study aimed to identify the direct and indirect costs of treating female outpatients diagnosed with BC at a Mexican public hospital. A cross-sectional, observational, analytical study was conducted. A total of 506 medical records were analyzed and 102 were included in the cost analysis. The micro-co...

OBJECTIVE To compare the outcomes of modified radical mastectomy wounds managed by closed wound drainage with suction and without suction. METHOD A prospective randomised trial was conducted at the University College Hospital in Ibadan, and the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital in Enugu. Fifty women who required modified radical mastectomy for breast cancer were randomised to have close...

Introduction For most of the recent decades, the major focus of radiation oncology in the management of breast cancer has been on performing both randomized and nonrandomized trials comparing breast-conserving therapy (BCT) using surgery and radiation with the more traditional modified radical mastectomy (MRM). With data confirming equivalent survival with these 2 local-regional therapies in th...

CONTEXT Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the breast is an extremely rare form of cancer, accounting for approximately 0.04% of all malignant breast tumors. To date, only a limited number of cases of SCC of the breast have been reported, and most of them presented like the usual breast carcinomas. CASE REPORT A 39-year-old woman presented with a large breast abscess and signs of sepsis. After ...

Introduction: Breast cancer is the most common invasive to affect women in world and second highest cause of death after lung cancer. Different surgical options are available for treating breast but Modified Radical Mastectomy still surgery performed worldwide has lowest incidence loco-regional recurrence. Aim: The aim this study find out role sub-dermal plexus as a guide achieve optimum skin f...

The sternalis muscle variation is a well-known anatomical situation. It is present in 8.7% of women and 6.4% of men, although the incidence varies according to sex, race and ethnicity. During a left modified radical mastectomy operation on a 46-year-old female patient a sternalis muscle was detected on the pectoralis major muscle in the superficial fascia. It was in craniocaudal position and wa...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE The role of adjuvant radiotherapy to the regional nodes in women with T1 to T2 breast cancer and one to three positive nodes is controversial. This study compared and analyzed the prognosis of patients with T1-T2 breast cancer with one to three positive nodes after modified radical mastectomy with or without postoperative radiotherapy. METHODS The cases of 434 women p...

OBJECTIVES After participating in the CME activity, primary care physicians should be able to: 1. Understand the contributions of HRQL assessment to the care of patients with cancer 2. Be able to explain to patients reasons for choosing breast-conserving surgery over modified radical mastectomy as the primary surgery for breast cancer 3. Respond to patients questions and needs related to the ef...

Combination chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide, methotrexate and fluorouracil (CMF) was compared with cyclophosphamide, adriamycin and fluorouracil (CAF) as adjuvant to modified radical mastectomy in primary operable breast cancer with positive axillary lymph nodes. After 18 months of study, treatment failure occurred in 10% patients in each group. The new clinical manifestations occurred local...