MOTIVATION The desire to compare molecular phylogenies has stimulated the design of numerous tests. Most of these tests are formulated in a frequentist framework, and it is not known how they compare with Bayes procedures. I propose here two new Bayes tests that either compare pairs of trees (Bayes hypothesis test, BHT), or test each tree against an average of the trees included in the analysis...

Bournet et al. have questioned the role of endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) plus KRAS and GNAS mutations in malignant intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs) of the pancreas in this issue of Endoscopy International Open [1]. Bournet et al. claimed that testing for KRAS mutations in cystic fluid improved the accuracy of results for cytopathologic diagnosis o...

Several studies report high specificity, but variable sensitivity, of Amplified Mycobacterium tuberculosis Direct Test (AMTDT, Gen-Probe) based on ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) amplification and Amplicor Mycobacterium tuberculosis test (Amplicor, Roche) based on deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) amplification for diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis. We have retrospectively evaluated these assays ...

There is a rich population genetics literature on tests for whether an observed pattern of polymorphism, or an observed between-species difference, or both, can be accounted for with a standard drift model. Rejection of this hypothesis offers the possibility that selection may play a role, but (as we will see) other forces (such as population history) can also cause strong deviations from the n...

Under the Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments of 1988 (CLIA) regulations, laboratory testing is categorized as waived (from routine regulatory oversight) or nonwaived based on the complexity of the tests; tests of moderate and high complexity are nonwaived tests. Laboratories that perform molecular genetic testing are subject to the general CLIA quality systems requirements for nonwaived...

Background: Congenital factor XIII (FXIII) deficiency is one of the rarest bleeding disorders with a prevalence of one per 2 million in the general population. The disorder is accompanied by a high rate of life-threatening bleeding. Due to normal results of routine coagulation tests, diagnosis of the disorder is challenging, but molecular methods can be used for precise diagnosis. Direct mutati...

The past few years have witnessed a dramatic expansion of information distribution across the global network of computers known as the Internet. The changes that accompany this development will affect almost every field of study, and certainly molecular pathology will be impacted by the ready availability of information stored in large genetic databases, the electronic publication of journals, ...