-The adsorption of butanol, hexanol, and octanol on alkylammonium montmoriUonites of different chain length is similar to the distribution of alcohol between an organic solvent and water in bulk solution. Successive expansion of the clay layers starts at critical alcohol/cation ratios of 0.6 or lower which are biased mean values due to the heterogeneity of the cation density of the mineral. In ...

Intercalation products based on ionic exchange reaction between cationic dye methylene blue and Na-montmorillonite were prepared. Montmorillonite particles intercalated with methylene blue were characterized using X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, elemental and thermo-gravimetric analysis. The results showed that intercalation of dye molecules within the interlayer spaces of montmorillo...

The montmorillonite sample from Heping, China had been studied by chemical analysis, XRD, IR, AFM and MAS NMR. The results showed that acid concentration had much influence on surface structure of montmorillonite. When the acid concentration reached 2M, the Q3Si structure in silica-oxygen tetrahedron recombined, some Q3Si structure in montmorillonite transformed to distortion Q3Si structure and...

A fuller's earth worker developed signs of pneumoconiosis. Pathological examination of the lung tissues showed interstitial collections of dust laden macrophages associated with mild fibrosis. Mineralogical analysis showed a high content of montmorillonite. This study shows that a pneumoconiosis can result from prolonged heavy exposure to calcium montmorillonite (fuller's earth) in the absence ...

The polycondensation of tetrahydrofuran with maleic anhydride catalyzed by Maghnite-H+ (Mag-H) was investigated. Maghnite is a montmorillonite sheet silicate clay that is exchanged with protons to produce Maghnite-H [1]. It was found that the polymerization in bulk is initiated by Mag-H in the presence of acetic anhydride at 40 degrees C. The effects of the amounts of Mag-H and acetic anhydride...

Montmorillonite impregnated with bismuth nitrate has been found to be an excellent reagent for the synthesis of several nitro compounds of biological significance in high yield.

Because interfaces impede phonon transport of thermal energy, nanostructuring can transform fully dense solids into ultralow thermal conductivity materials. Here we report a simple self-assembly approach to synthesizing organoclay nanolaminates with cross-planar thermal conductivities below 0.10 W m(-1) K(-1)-a 5-fold decrease compared to unmodified clay. These organoclays are produced via alky...

Coliphages T1 and T7 of Escherichia coli were absorbed by kaolinite (K) and montmorillonite (M). Maximum adsorption of T7 (96%) to M was greater than that of T1 (84%), but the adsorption of both coliphages to K was the same (99%). Positively charged sites (i.e., anion exchange sites) on the clays appeared to be primarily responsible for the adsorption of T1 to K but only partially responsible f...

Osmotic framework adsorbed solution theory is a useful molecular simulation method to predict the evolution of structural transitions upon adsorption of guest molecules in flexible nanoporous solids. One challenge with previous uses of this approach has been the estimation of free energy differences between the solid phases of interest in the absence of adsorbed molecules. Here we demonstrate t...

Under appropriate conditions, both surface areas and cation exchange capacities of clay minerals can be measured by absorption of methylene blue from aqueous solutions. The method has been applied to two kaolinites, one illite, and one montmorillonite, all initially saturated with Na + ions. For Na-montmorillonite, the total area, internal plus external, is measured. For Ca-montmorillonite, ent...