The Digital Elevation Number (DEM) is the main tool for quantitative geomorphological tests. Furthermore, Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) images with a resolution of 30 m have been widely used as source DEM data in studies, while DEMNAS (National DEM) 8 are rarely used. Both can identify typical volcanic morphology based on visual comparison hillshade certain variations slope. objective...

The transition from subduction to transform motion along horizontal terminations of trenches is associated with tearing the subducting slab and strike-slip tectonics in overriding plate. One prominent example northern Tonga zone, where abundant faulting NE Lau back-arc basin plate boundary asymmetric rollback. Here, we address fundamental question: how does this subduction-transform influence s...

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