Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) can be designed to combine water treatment with concomitant electricity production. Animal manure treatment has been poorly explored using MFCs, and its implementation at full-scale primarily relies on the bacterial distribution and activity within the treatment cell. This study reports the bacterial community changes at four positions within the anode of two almost ...

Due to scarcity of fossil fuel and increasing demand of power supply, we are forced to utilize the renewable energy resources. Considering easy availability and vast potential, world has turned to solar photovoltaic energy to meet out its ever increasing energy demand. The mathematical modeling and simulation of the photovoltaic system is implemented in the MATLAB/Simulink environment and the s...

This paper presents a Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) circuit in CMOS technology for integration into an energy harvesting solution, comprising a solid-state thinfilm lithium battery fabricated in the back-side of a plastic solar-cell. The MPPT CMOS circuit is required in the energy transfer process from the solar cell to the battery. The MPPT circuit was designed in the 0.7 μm CMOS process...

Since the output characteristics of photovoltaic (PV) system depends on the ambient temperature, solar radiation and load impedance, its maximum power point (MPP) is not constant. Under each condition PV module has a point at which it can produce its MPP. Therefore, a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) method is needed to uphold the PV panel operating at its MPP. This paper presents comparativ...

Due to the non-linear characteristics of photovoltaic (PV) array, PV systems typically are equipped with the capability of maximum power point tracking (MPPT) feature. Moreover, in the case of PV array under partially shaded conditions, hotspot problem will occur which could damage the PV cells. Partial shading causes multiple peaks in the P-V characteristic curves. This paper presents a hybrid...

PV Module Maximum Power Point Tracker (MPPT) is a photovoltaic system that uses the photovoltaic array as a source of electrical power supply. Every photovoltaic (PV) array has an optimum operating point, called the maximum power point, which varies depending on cell temperature, the insulation level and array voltage. The function of MPPT is needed to operate the PV array at its maximum power ...

Making full use of abundant renewable solar energy through the development of photovoltaic (PV) technology is an effective means to solve the problems such as difficulty in electricity supply and energy shortages in remote rural areas. In order to improve the electricity generating efficiency of PV cells, it is necessary to track the maximum power point of PV array, which is difficult to make u...

This paper analyses the operation of an adaptive neurofuzzy inference system (ANFIS)-based maximum power point tracking (MPPT) for solar photovoltaic (SPV) energy generation system. The MPPT works on the principle of adjusting the voltage of the SPV modules by changing the duty ratio of the Quasi-zsource inverter. The duty ratio of the inverter is calculated for a given solar irradiance and tem...

In this paper, we present results concerning the design, the realization and the characterization of a photovoltaic system (PV), equipped with a digital controls: Power Point Tracking (MPPT), charge/discharge lead acid batteries, sun tracker and supervision. These different functions are performed with a microcontroller that has capabilities and functions to the reliability of PV systems (signa...

In order to greatly improve the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) speed and adaptability to the varying weather conditions for photovoltaic (PV) system, in this paper, a MPPT method with variable weather parameters (VWP) considered specially from input resistance standpoint is proposed. As well as other VWP methods, it can also track the maximum power point (MPP) as quickly as possible. In th...