Infection with virus variants exhibiting changes in the peptide sequences defining immunodominant determinants that abolish recognition by antiviral cytotoxic T cells (CTL) presents a considerable challenge to the antiviral T-cell immune system and may enable some viruses to persist in hosts. The potential importance of such variants with respect to mechanisms of viral persistence and disease p...

Retinol, an established topical ingredient for improving signs of photo-aging, is often limited in concentration due to the potential low-level visible and sensory irritation. A new anhydrous, 0.5% stabilized retinol serum was developed, balancing bioactivity tolerability. This patented formula uses Relative Polarity Index (RPI) between skin, retinol, emollient ratios, allowing controlled bio-d...

Context. State-of-the-art spectral analysis of hot stars by means of non-LTE model-atmosphere techniques has arrived at a high level of sophistication. The analysis of high-resolution and high-S/N spectra, however, is strongly restricted by the lack of reliable atomic data for highly ionized species from intermediate-mass metals to trans-iron elements. Especially data for the latter has only be...

INTRODUCTION .................................... 284 Nonspecific Resistance to Infection .......................................... 284 Specific Resistance to Infection .............................................. 285 CELLS INVOLVED IN HUMORAL ANTIBODY PRODUCTION ............. 285 CELLS INVOLVED IN CELL-MEDIATED IMMUNITY ................. 287 HUMORAL ANTIBODIES IN RESISTANCE TO BACTERIAL INF...

Gem is a small GTP-binding protein that has a ras-like core and extended chains at each terminus. The primary structure of Gem and other RGK family members (Rad, Rem, and Rem2) predicts a GTPase deficiency, leading to the question of how Gem functional activity is regulated. Two functions for Gem have been demonstrated, including inhibition of voltage-gated calcium channel activity and inhibiti...

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Human mitochondrial NAD kinase is a crucial enzyme responsible for the synthesis of mitochondrial NADP(+). Despite its significance, little is known about the regulation of this enzyme in the mitochondria. Several putative and known phosphorylation sites within the protein have been found using phosphoproteomics, and here, we examined the effect of phosphomimetic mutations at six of these sites...

We have demonstrated previously that cisplatin (DDP) and tamoxifen (TAM) act synergistically to kill human melanoma T-289 cells, and that the observed synergy is lost in the 3-fold TAM-resistant subline, 289/TAM6. We have identified the intracellular antiestrogen-binding sites (AEBSs), defined by their ability to bind antiestrogens while having no affinity for estrogen, as a possible mediator o...