Background & Aims: The production of extended-spectrum-β-lactamases (ESBLs) is the main mechanism of resistance to β-lactam antibiotics. The outbreak of isolates simultaneously possessing several resistance mechanisms to β-lactam antibiotics caused a decrease in sensitivity of the confirmatory tests for ESBL. The aim of this study was the evaluation of the β-lactamase disk test...

Monitoring the extent of and trends in multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is a priority of the Brazilian National Tuberculosis Control Programme. The current study aimed to estimate the incidence of MDR-TB, describe the profile of TB drug resistance in risk groups and examine whether screening for MDR-TB adhered to the recommended guidelines. A descriptive study that examined diagnosed c...

Background: Typhoid fever is one of the most common infectious diseases in developing countries including Nigeria. Globally, typhoid an important cause morbidity and mortality many regions world. People at risk for serious complications due to Salmonella infections include older adults, pregnant women, infants, children, people who have compromised immune systems.
 Design Duration: The stu...

BACKGROUND Infection with multidrug-resistant, community-associated, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has been reported but seems to be isolated. OBJECTIVE To determine the incidence of a multidrug-resistant MRSA clone (USA300) in San Francisco, and to determine risk factors for the infection. DESIGN Population-based survey and cross-sectional study using chart review. S...

We report the genome sequence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis INS-MDR from Peru, a multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and Latin American-Mediterranean (LAM) lineage strain. Our analysis showed mutations related to drug resistance in the rpoB (D516V), katG (S315T), kasA (G269S), and pncA (Q10R) genes. Our evidence suggests that INS-MDR may be a clonal expansion related to the African strain...

Multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) represents a threat to health and development in countries with high TB burden. China's MDR-TB prevalence rate of 6.8% is the highest in the world. Interventions to remove barriers against effective TB control, and prevention of MDR-TB are urgently needed in the country. This paper reports a cross-sectional questionnaire survey of 513 pulmonary TB (PTB...

Globally, there is substantial concern regarding the challenges of treating complex drug resistance patterns in multidrug resistant tuberculosis cases. Utilising data from three different settings (Estonia, Latvia, Romania) we sought to contrast drug susceptibility profiles for multidrug resistant tuberculosis cases, highlight the difficulties in designing universal regimen, and inform future r...

BACKGROUND After the collapse of the Soviet Union, dramatically increasing rates of tuberculosis and multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) have been reported from several countries. This development has been mainly attributed to the widespread breakdown of TB control systems and declining socio-economic status. However, recent studies have raised concern that the Beijing genotype of Mycobac...

background: treatment of chronic sinusitis is complicated due to increase of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. the aim of this study was to determine the multidrug resistance (mdr) pattern of the bacteria causing chronic sinusitis in north of iran. methods: this cross-sectional study was carried out on patients with chronic sinusitis. bacterial susceptibility to antimicrobial agents was determined...

the effects of dietary supplementation of garlic (allium sativum)extract on the growth and disease resistance of african catfish, clarias gariepinus was evaluated. also in-vitro evaluation of susceptibility of fish-borne multidrug resistant (mdr) pathogenic bacteria to aqueous extract of garlic was done. aqueous garlic extract exhibited inhibitory activity against mdr bacteria and the degree of...