BACKGROUND Patients with multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis may have phenotypic heterogeneity in results of drug-susceptibility tests (DSTs). However, the impact of this on clinical outcomes among patients treated for MDR tuberculosis is unknown. METHODS Phenotypic DST heterogeneity was defined as presence of at least 1 Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolate susceptible to rifampicin and ison...

OBJECTIVES Tuberculosis treatment and susceptibility testing are cumbersome, especially in the case of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It is known that mutations in the rpoB gene of M. tuberculosis lead to resistance to rifampicin (RMP). In this study, an attempt was made to apply molecular techniques for rapid detection of antibiotic resistance in clinical isolates of M. ...

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES Studies have shown the bactericidal potential of econazole and clotrimazole against Mycobacterium tuberculosis under in vitro and ex vivo conditions along with their synergism with conventional antituberculosis drugs. These molecules were also found to be effective against different multidrug resistant (MDR) M. tuberculosis isolates in vitro. Hence the present study was ...

background: one of the fundamental issues of infectious disease treatment is drug resistance. the aim of the present study was to investigate the first-line anti-tuberculosis drug resistance rates and determine the risk factors related to multidrug resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis.methods: from march 2011 to september 2012, mycobacterial strains were collected from one hundred fifteen diagn...

Introduction: Latin American and Mediterranean (LAM) is a family of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis). Drug resistant in M. tuberculosis LAM family is a major problem in the world population. Our objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of M. tuberculosis LAM family with multi-drug resistant (MDR) in the worldwide by a meta-analysis and systematic review. Materials an...

BACKGROUND The resurgence of tuberculosis (TB) in western countries has been attributed to the HIV epidemic, immigration, and drug resistance. Multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is caused by the transmission of multidrug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains in new cases, or by the selection of single drug resistant strains induced by previous treatment. The aim of this report is ...

OBJECTIVES Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is a global problem that many countries are challenged with. Rapid and accurate detection of MDR-TB is critical for appropriate treatment and controlling of TB. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the TaqMan allelic discrimination without minor groove binder (MGB) as a rapid, efficient, and low-cost method for detection of drug resis...

Keertan Dheda and colleagues (May 22, p 1798) report extremely poor treatment outcomes for patients with extensively drug-resistant (XDR) tuberculosis in South Africa and conclude that prevention of XDR tuberculosis through strengthening of tuberculosis pro grammes overall should be prioritised. Most patients diagnosed with XDR tuberculosis in this cohort (72%) had previously been diagnosed wit...

Unlike in pulmonary multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis, the clinical outcome of MDR tuberculous meningitis (TBM) in children, including extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis, is poor and management is challenging. We report the successful treatment of a case of extensively drug-resistant TBM in a 4-year-old girl, and we discuss implications for tuberculosis diagnosis and chemotherapy.

Background: The resurgence of tuberculosis (TB) in western countries has been attributed to the HIV epidemic, immigration, and drug resistance. Multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is caused by the transmission of multidrug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains in new cases, or by the selection of single drug resistant strains induced by previous treatment. The aim of this report is...