The recognition of painted strokes is an important step in analyzing painted works of art like paintings, drawings and underdrawings. But even for art experts, it is difficult to recognize all drawing tools and materials used for the creation of the strokes. Thus the use of computer aided imaging technologies brings a new and objective analysis and assists the art expert in analyzing painted wo...

Sir,—Most surgeons like darkness in the operating theatre while carrying out procedures such as cystoscopy, oesophagoscopy, laparoscopy, retinoscopy in children, fundus examination during operation for retinal detachment, etc. Relatively dark conditions are preferred for carrying out certain investigations in the radiology department and cardiovascular laboratory. Under these conditions the ana...

THE sEr OF oval portraits of members of the old Incorporation of Surgeons which hangs in the Royal College of Surgeons in Edinburgh was painted by Sir John Medina some time between about 1695 and 1710. Consideration of the general affairs of the Surgeons of Edinburgh in the late seventeenth century, and comparison with similar collections elsewhere suggests that these portraits were probably co...

Midland painted turtles from Michigan were submerged at 3 degrees C in normoxic and anoxic water. In predive, and in turtles submerged for up to 150 days, plasma PO2, PCO2, pH, [Cl-], [Na+], [K+], total Mg, total Ca, lactate, glucose, and osmolality were measured; hematocrit and mass were determined, and plasma [HCO3-] was calculated. Anoxic turtles developed a severe metabolic acidosis, accumu...

We studied the interaction between the plant Cnidoscolus multilobus, its floral visitors and the predator spider Peucetia viridans. The diet of P. viridans was composed exclusively of arthropods (spiders 32%, insects 68%). Body length of prey was 5.9 ± 1.0 mm, and prey size range was 11.0 ± 0.4 mm (i.e. 0.14-1.3 times larger than the spider). Based on feeding frequency and time available for pr...

Multiple unit activity in response to visual stimulation was recorded in the following telencephalic areas of the painted turtle: lateral and medial divisions of the dorsal cortex, lateral and medial divisions of the dorsal ventricular ridge, and the striatum. The data confirm anatomical evidence for ascending visual input to the dorsal cortex, the lateral dorsal ventricular ridge and the stria...

Deciduous tree species throughout the boreal forest of North America have lighter-coloured bark than do species restricted to more southern forests. We tested the hypothesis that light-coloured bark minimizes the thawing and freezing of cambium tissue during winter that could contribute to sunscald injury. During mid-winter, maximum midday cambium temperatures of south-exposed bark of white bir...

For centuries painters have predominantly painted portraits with the model’s left-cheek facing the viewer. This has been even more prevalent with females (:68%) than males (:56%). Numerous portraits painted by Rembrandt typify this unexplained phenomenon. In a preliminary experiment, subjects judged 24 emotional and social character traits in 20 portraits by Rembrandt. A factor analysis reveale...