We have analyzed the relations between the mutational pressure, recombination and selection pressure in the bit-string model with sexual reproduction. For specific sets of these parameters we have found three phase transitions with one phase where populations can survive. In this phase, recombination enhances the survival probability. Even if recombination is associated, to some extent, with ad...

The evolution and spread of antibiotic resistance depends on the antibiotic pressure exerted in the microbial environment. Selective effects occur in selective compartments, where particular antibiotic concentrations result in a differential growth rate of resistant bacterial variants. This may happen even at very low antibiotic concentrations able to select low-level-resistant bacteria. When m...

The simplification of amino acid content distribution under the influence of the strong mutational pressure takes place in simplex and varicello viruses proteins coded by genes with GC-content higher than 60%. We proved this statement by the way of in-silico calculation of Shannon’s entropy of amino acid content distribution in all proteins from ten completely sequenced simplex and varicello vi...

The analysis of the relationship between sequences and structures (i.e., how mutations affect structures and reciprocally how structures influence mutations) is essential to decipher the principles driving molecular evolution, to infer the origins of genetic diseases, and to develop bioengineering applications such as the design of artificial molecules. Because their structures can be predicted...

background: mitochondria are autonomous cellular organelles that oversee a variety of functions such as metabolism, energy production, calcium buffering, and cell fate determination. most recently, mitochondrial dysfunction caused by mitochondrial mutations played important roles in the pathogenesis of asthma. however, the frequency of mitochondrial trna mutations in asthma is largely unknown. ...

Summary: Mutational processes leave characteristic footprints in genomic DNA. The MutationalPatterns R package provides an easy-to-use toolset for the characterization and visualization of mutational patterns in base substitution catalogues of e.g. tumour samples or DNArepair deficient cells. The package covers a wide range of patterns including: mutational signatures, transcriptional strand bi...

Although various studies of codon usage bias have been reported in a broad spectrum organisms, no to date examined for herbicide target genes. In this study, we analysed patterns the acetolactate synthase (ALS) gene eight monocot weeds and one model monocot. The base composition at third position follows C3 > G3 T3 A3. values effective number codons (ENC or Nc) indicate low bias, ENC Nc vs. GC3...

background and objectives:   iranian chronic hbv carrier’s population has shown a unique pattern of genotype d distri- bution all around the country. the aim of this study was to explore more details of evolutionary history of carriers based on structural surface proteins from different provinces. materials and methods: sera obtained from 360 isolates from 12 different regions of country were u...

Introduction: Despite improvements in the diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer in the past two decades, it has remained the most common cause of death from cancer worldwide. Among all genes that are mutated in lung cancer, TP53 located on chromosome 17P13/1 has a significant diagnostic and prognostic value. TP53 mutations have been extensively studied in lung cancer and TP53 mutational spectr...

All cancers originate from a single cell that starts to behave abnormally due to the acquired somatic mutations in its genome. Until recently, the knowledge of the mutational processes that cause these somatic mutations has been very limited. Recent advances in sequencing technologies and the development of novel mathematical approaches have allowed deciphering the patterns of somatic mutations...