A group of international experts, including haematopathologists, oncologists, and geneticists met on September 2021 in Chicago, IL, USA to update the 2016/17 World Health Organization classification system for haematopoietic tumours. After careful deliberation, introduced new International Consensus Classification (ICC) Myeloid Neoplasms Acute Leukaemias. The was published June 2022 (Arber DA, ...

Haploinsufficiency of RUNX1/AML1 is associated with familial platelet disorder with a predisposition to acute myeloid leukaemia (FPD/AML), but the causal relationship remains to be addressed experimentally. Mice heterozygous for the Runx1 null mutation, Runx1+/-, are considered to be genetically comparable with human FPD/AML patients but do not develop spontaneous leukaemia. To induce additiona...

BACKGROUND (-)-Epicatechin (EC) induces oxidative DNA damage in HL-60 cells. The association between genotoxic and apoptotic/necrotic effects of EC was studied in rats with acute myeloid leukaemia. MATERIALS AND METHODS Healthy and leukaemic rats were given EC by oral gavage at a dose of 40 mg/kg body weight for 22 consecutive days. Bone marrow cells were subjected to analysis of DNA damage b...

Secondary involvement of female genitourinary system [1, 2] is more common in lymphoma than leukaemia [3, 4]. In leukaemia, acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is known to have extra medullary involvement (chloroma, granulocytic sarcoma, etc.) [5, 6]. In case of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL), except for CNS and testis other extra medullary sites are rarely involved [7, 8]. Amongst genitourinary...

Dear Editor, Myeloid sarcoma (MS) is an uncommon extramedullary tumour of malignant myeloid cells which predominantly occurs concurrently with or after the onset of acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). Careful clinicopathological correlation with comprehensive immunophenotyping of the malignant cells is essential to distinguish myeloid sarcoma from lymphoma with skin involvement. The early recognitio...

Patients with acute leukaemia have normal or near normal numbers of haemopoietic stem cells in their marrow at diagnosis. Remission is achieved when the administration of cytotoxic drugs eradicates the bulk of the leukaemic population while sparing normal haemopoiesis. The mechanism by which chemotherapy seems to act in this selective manner is essentially unknown. Nevertheless, remission rates...

Microarray gene expression profiles of fresh clinical samples of chronic myeloid leukaemia in chronic phase, acute promyelocytic leukaemia and acute monocytic leukaemia were compared with profiles from cell lines representing the corresponding types of leukaemia (K562, NB4, HL60). In a hierarchical clustering analysis, all clinical samples clustered separately from the cell lines, regardless of...

Acute megakaryocytic leukaemia (AMeL) is a rare subtype of acute myeloid leukaemia, which can be frequently misdiagnosed as acute myelofibrosis or myelosclerosis [1]. Chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) presenting primarily as megakaryocytic blast crisis is very rare, with very few case reports published to date [2, 3]. This case report describes a 36-year-old woman who presented with anaemia and m...

There are many genes involved in vitamin D dependent differentiation of acute myeloid leukaemia cell line HL-60 cells. Involvement of HOX genes in leukaemia and differentiation is just beginning to be appreciated. In order to understand the relationship with 1,25(OH)2D3 dependent differentiation of myeloid leukaemia, we studied the expression of HOX A9 gene. HL-60 cells were exposed to 1,25(OH)...