Over the past two centuries, myology (i.e. the basic and clinical science of muscle and muscle disease) has passed through 3 stages of development: the classical period, the modern stage and the molecular era. The classical period spans the last part of nineteenth century and the earlier part of the twentieth century. During this time, several major muscle diseases were clinically and pathologi...

The second 2017 issue of EJTM volume 27 contains the collection of abstracts from the 2017Spring PaduaMuscleDays conference, that was held March 23-25 in Montegrotto, Euganei Hills, Padova, Italy. In addition to a brief history of the Padova Myology Meetings held during the last 30 years, the present and the future of the PaduaMuscleDays conference are discussed with special reference to new me...

The history of Myology in Italy begins in 16 century with muscle anatomy pictures by Vesalius and Canani while in the 19th century the Neapolitan physician Gaetano Conte described Duchenne muscular dystrophy on clinical basis (1). Myology reached a major development in the 20 century with the establishment of the CNR center in Padova (professor Massimiliano Aloisi) a cardiomyological and geneti...

Over a century ago Duchenne summarized his life's work in the third edition of his famous book De L'electrisation Localisee (1872), which laid the foundation of electrophysiology of muscle and clinical myology. Primary muscle diseases are ad­ mittedly uncommon but, for the sufferers and their families, of grave import since for most no effec­ tive therapy is as yet available. However, skeletal ...

The three-dimensional anatomy of the ostrich (Struthio camelus) knee (femorotibial, femorofibular, and femoropatellar) joint has scarcely been studied, and could elucidate certain mechanobiological properties of sesamoid bones. The adult ostrich is unique in that it has double patellae, while another similar ratite bird, the emu, has none. Understanding why these patellae form and what purpose ...

1. The peculiar structure of the stomatopod eye requires it to make complicated movements. These include slow 'scans', which relate to the animal's colour vision system, as well as faster 'saccades'. 2. The myology of the eyecup is investigated and shown to consist of eight individual muscles which are divided, on kinematic grounds, into six functional groups. 3. These groups form three pairs o...

Primate locomotor evolution, particularly the evolution of bipedalism, is often examined through morphological studies. Many of these studies have examined the uniqueness of the primate forelimb, and others have examined the primate hip and thigh. Few data exist, however, regarding the myology and function of the leg muscles, even though the ankle plantar flexors are highly important during hum...