Interest in peripheral refractive errors has increased as it was hypothesized that peripheral hypermetropia might provide a stimulus for axial elongation (Smith et al., 2005), this study was to determine relative peripheral refractive errors (RPRE) of the eyes of a group of Chinese children and adults. Central and peripheral (20 degrees , 30 degrees , 40 degrees at nasal, temporal, superior and...

purpose: to evaluate the safety, efficacy, stability and predictability of posterior chamber collagen copolymer phakic intraocular lens (piol) implantation to correct myopia and myopic astigmatism in keratoconus-affected patients. methods: uncorrected (ucva) and best-corrected (bcva) distance visual acuity, refraction and complications were evaluated in 22 keratoconic eyes of 14 patients who un...

Morning glory syndrome is a congenital anomaly of the posterior pole which is characterised by an ectasia of the posterior pole of the fundus involving the optic disc. In addition there is a slightly protruding pigment ring in the peripapillary area, and nonbranching veins protrude in radial formation from the ectasia. Recognition of veins and arteries is always difficult. The peripheral retina...

Background: Generally, astigmatism is type of refractive error due to distorted and irregular the cornea. It’s generally related cornea lens.Methods: This cross-sectional study conducted over a period from January 2017 till April among patients in HAHC hospital. A comprehensive eye examination was used analyse (astigmatism). And research approved by institutional review board ethics committee f...

Introduction The peripheral refractive error of the human eye has been hypothesized to be a major stimulus for the development of its central refractive error. Aim The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes in the peripheral refractive error across horizontal, vertical and two diagonal meridians in emmetropic and low, moderate and high myopic adults. Subjects and methods Thirt...

purpose: to evaluate the outcomes of keratorefractive surgery for correction of postkeratoplasty astigmatism in keratoconus. methods: in this retrospective study, surgical records of 45 eyes of 45 patients that underwent relaxing incisions with or without compressive sutures were evaluated. the minimum interval between complete suture removal and operation was 1 month. location and extent of in...