The ecological prominence of diatoms in the ocean environment largely results from their superior competitive ability for dissolved nitrate (NO3-). To investigate the cellular and genetic basis of diatom NO3- assimilation, we generated a knockout in the nitrate reductase gene (NR-KO) of the model pennate diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum In NR-KO cells, N-assimilation was abolished although NO3-...

The present study was designed to determine whether .N = O produced in vivo during the rejection of histoincompatible tissues might permit serum NO2-/NO3- levels to serve as markers of a rejection reaction. Rat syngeneic and allogeneic liver, heart, bone marrow/spleen cell, small bowel, skin, and sponge matrix grafts were performed and the stable end-products of .N = O, NO2-/NO3-, were serially...

Agricultural systems that receive high or low organic matter (OM) inputs would be expected to differ in soil nitrogen (N) transformation rates and fates of ammonium (NH4 þ) and nitrate (NO3 ). To compare NH4 þ availability, competition between nitrifiers and heterotrophic microorganisms for NH4 þ, and microbial NO3 2 assimilation in an organic vs. a conventional irrigated cropping system in the...

tion procedure (Lachat Instruments, Milwaukee; Method 12-107-04-1-B) to determine NO3 concentration The end-of-season stalk NO3 test has been used to determine N in aliquots of filtered extracts prepared by shaking sufficiency in corn (Zea mays L.). Nitrate concentration is commonly known weights of ground stalk material for 30 min in determined with flow-injection analysis (FIA), which is accu...

Few studies have examined the water quality impact of manure use in no-tillage systems. A lysimeter study in continuous corn (Zea mays L.) was performed on Maury silt loam (fine, mixed, semiactive, mesic Typic Paleudalf) to evaluate the effect(s) of tillage (no-till [NT] and chisel-disk [CD]), nitrogen fertilizer rate (0 and 168 kg N ha(-1)), and dairy manure application timing (none, spring, f...

Substantial questions remain about the time required for groundwater nitrate to be reduced below 10 mg L(-1) following establishment of vegetated riparian buffers. The objective of this study was to document changes in groundwater nitrate-nitrogen (NO3-N) concentrations that occurred within a few years of planting a riparian buffer. In 2000 and 2001 a buffer was planted adjacent to a first-orde...

Elevated dietary nitrate (NO3-) is associated with production losses in ruminant livestock, resulting in substantial economic losses incurred by producers. Severe drought, fertilization practices and poorly maintained pastures increase the risk of elevated NO3- intake among cattle and sheep. Nitrate is metabolized to nitrite (NO2-) in the rumen and further reduced to ammonia. Ruminants consumin...

Subtropical ecosystems are often characterized by high N cycling rates, but net nitrification rates are often low in subtropical acid soils. NO3(-)-N immobilization into organic N may be a contributing factor to understand the observed low net nitrification rates in these acid soils. The effects of Fe oxide and organic matter on soil N transformations were evaluated using a (15)N tracing study....

Two multinuclear complexes synthesized from Cu(NO3)2 and 6,6'-di-hydroxy-bipyridine (dhbp) exhibit bridging nitrate and hydroxide ligands. The dinuclear complex (6,6'-di-hydroxy-bipyridine-2κ(2) N,N')[μ-6-(6-hy-droxy-pyridin-2-yl)pyridin-2-olato-1:2κ(3) N,N':O (2)](μ-hydroxido-1:2κ(2) O:O')(μ-nitrato-1:2κ(2) O:O')(nitrato-1κO)dicopper(II), [Cu2(C10H7N2O2)(OH)(NO3)2(C10H8N2O2)] or [Cu(6-OH-6'-O-...

abstract in this study different proportions of nh4+ and no3- in the growth medium on plant growth were investigated in hydroponic greenhouse experiments. the objectives of these studies were to investigate if ammonium (nh4+) stress in cucumber, a species sensitive to nh4+ toxicity, can be alleviated by matching the nitrogen supply rate to the plant nitrogen demand. ammonium was applied at a re...