in order to study of the effect of priming and salinity on physiological and chemical characteristics of wheat(triticum aestivum l.), an experiment was carried out at the experimental farm of shiraz university. results showedthat primed plants significantly reduced its gas exchanges by accelerating senescence under a series of salt stress,which became more serious along with the increasing of s...

Na, K and Cl measurements have been made on frozen sections of chick red blood cells throughout embryonic development, using electron-probe microanalysis. There is an apparent fluctuation in the levels of these elements during maturation, although the Na/K ratio remains fairly constant. The nuclear Na concentration resembles that of the cytoplasm, rather than that of the medium, at all stages. ...

It is generally assumed that the intracellular Na+ content (Nq)* of vascular smooth muscle is increased in essential hypertension and several experimental models of hypertension [l, 21. The assumption dates back to the original reports of increased Na+ content of arteries in human and experimental hypertension by Tobian [3]. Based on the finding of an elevated arterial wall Na+/Clratio, he conc...

Reduction in oxygenation induces inhibition of Na+/K+ ATPase in a number of cells and tissues, including hepatocytes. When not reversed, decrease in Na+/K+ pump activity leads to a gradual Na+ accumulation, cell swelling and death. However, when accompanied by suppression of dissipative cation pathways, it has also been shown to be a beneficial adaptive strategy used by some hypoxia-tolerant sp...

The relation between Na-k-ATPase activity in homogenates of rat kidney and oxygen consumption in kidney slices was studied by employing different physiological maneuvers known to change the activity of renal Na-K-ATPase. Treatment of euthyroid rats with 3,5,3'-triiodo-1-thyronine increased Na-K-ATPase activity, sodium-dependent oxygen consumption (QO2[t]), and para-aminohippurate (PAH) accumula...

Acute hypoxemic respiratory failure is a consequence of edema accumulation due to elevation of pulmonary capillary pressures and/or increases in permeability of the alveolocapillary barrier. It has been recognized that lung edema clearance is distinct from edema accumulation and is largely effected by active Na(+) transport out of the alveoli rather than reversal of the Starling forces, which c...

Radioisotopes (particularly (22)Na, (24)Na, (42)K, and (86)Rb) have been used for many decades to trace the fluxes and accumulation of sodium and potassium ions in plant tissues. In this article, standard procedures for the tracing of ion fluxes are described, with emphasis on special problems encountered when examining K(+) and Na(+) transport under salinity conditions. We focus in particular ...

Juvenile rainbow trout were fed diets containing control (0.26 mmol/g) or elevated (1.3 mmol/g) dietary Na+ in combination with either background (19 nmol/L) or moderately elevated levels (55 or 118 nmol/L) of waterborne Cu for 21 d. Unidirectional waterborne Na+ uptake rates (measured with 22Na) were up to four orders of magnitude higher than those of Cu (measured with 64Cu). Chronic exposure ...

We have recently disrupted Slc12a2, the gene encoding the secretory Na-K-2Cl cotransporter in mice (NKCC1) (Delpire et al., 1999). Gramicidin perforated-patch and whole-cell recordings were performed to study GABA-induced currents in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons isolated from wild-type and homozygote NKCC1 knock-out mice. In wild-type DRG neurons, strong GABA-evoked inward current was obs...