Rhabdomyosarcoma is a heterogeneous disease both in presentation and histology. Improvements multimodality therapy resulted the improved overall survival for patients with low-risk intermediate-risk but not metastatic disease. We reviewed contrasted North American European practice patterns, though ultimately principles of staging, surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy are similar Children's...

Three benign forms of muscle tumors and three variants of rhabdomyosarcoma are discussed from the point of view of their histology and behabior. Recent combined modality therapy has significantly improved the prognosis in at least the embryonal form of rhabdomyosarcoma.

the main issues in nasal surgery are to stabilize the nose in the good position after surgery and preserve the cartilages and bones in the favorable situation and reduce the risk of deviation recurrence. also it is necessary to avoid the synechia formation, nasal valve narrowing, hematoma and bleeding. due to the above mentioned problems and in order to solve and minimize them nasal packing, na...

Rhabdomyosarcoma of the larynx is extremely rare in adults, as only 17 well-documented cases have been previously reported in the English-language literature. Of these, only 2 cases (both male) involved the alveolar subtype of rhabdomyosarcoma, and neither involved the true vocal folds. We report a case of alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma of the true vocal fold in 54-year-old woman. She was successful...

Cancer stem cells or tumor-initiating cells (TICs) are a small subpopulation of cells that have the capacity to self-renew, differentiate and initiate tumors. These cells may function in tumor initiation, aggression and recurrence. Whether spheres derived from canine rhabdomyosarcoma cells have stem cell-like properties is unclear. We induced sphere formation in the canine rhabdomyosarcoma cell...

Spindle cell rhabdomyosarcoma is a rare subtype of rhabdomyosarcoma mainly seen in children. Occasional aberrant staining with a variety of immunohistochemical markers has been noted. The aberrantly expressed markers include alpha-smooth muscle actin, cytokeratin, S100, neurofilaments, CD20, immunoglobins, and CD117. We report herein two pediatric cases displaying strong CD34 positivity and one...

The 2;13 chromosomal translocation in alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma generates the chimeric protein PAX3-FKHR, which is a powerful transcriptional activator. We hypothesize that PAX3-FKHR regulates downstream effector genes involved in rhabdomyosarcoma tumorigenesis. We evaluated alterations in expression of MET and neural cell adhesion molecule that were proposed previously as downstream targets of...

introduction rhinoliths are uncommon nasal masses. they are mineralized masses found within the nasal cavity. they have various clinical presentations. case presentation we report a 13-year-old boy with long-standing nasal obstruction, yellowish nasal discharge and intermittent and minimal nasal bleeding for a few weeks, who had been treated as rhinosinusitis twice. due to the presence of long-...

in crooked noses, the lateral walls are different in shape and symmetry. although the septum is very important to obtain a straight nose, identical and symmetrical lateral walls are needed for a straight looking nasal dorsum. as well as the septum, lateral walls also contribute in nasal skeletal support and stability. thus, obtaining identical and symmetrical lateral walls is important. in orde...

We report a case of rhabdomyosarcoma which occurred in a mediastinal teratoma in a 44-year-old man. Presentation symptoms were chest pain, hoarseness and a cough. Diagnosis was fortuitous, performed by the histological and immunohistochemical study of a mediastinal tumour biopsy specimen that showed embryonal carcinoma and yolk sac tumour components associated with the rhabdomyosarcoma. After c...