flow field and heat transfer of a nanofluid, whose non-newtonian behavior has been demonstrated in the laboratory, in a square enclosure have been numerically modeled and investigated. to estimate the viscosity of nanofluid, experimental data of hong and kim, 2012 have been used, and a new model has been proposed. finally, the obtained results have been compared to those of newtonian behavior. ...

Abstract In this paper a numerical study of natural convection stationary laminar heat transfers in horizontal ring between heated square inner cylinder and cold elliptical outer is presented. A Cu-water nanofluid flows through annular space. Different values the Rayleigh number volume fraction nanoparticles are studied. The system equations governing problem was solved numerically by fluent ca...