In the transformation of energy system, natural gas is regarded as a buffer energy. How to make reasonable distribution and effectively predict its production very significant. work this paper, grid-optimized fractional-order non-homogeneous grey model used in United States obtain reliable results. This paper first introduces prediction method mechanism. Then optimized effect more prominent. Th...

We use historical and new atmospheric trace gas observationsto refine the estimated source of methane (CH4) emitted into California’sSouth Coast Air Basin (the larger Los Angeles metropolitan region).Referenced to the California Air Resources Board (CARB) CO emissionsinventory, total CH4 emissions are 0.44 ± 0.15 Tg each year. To investigatethe possible contribution of fossi...

This study was carried out to determine the effects of supplementing different levels (0, 0.5 and 1% of buffered rumen fluid) of methanolic extract of pomegranate peel, on rumen fermentation kinetics of four oil seed meals (soybean meal, cotton seed meal, rapeseed meal and sunflower seed meal), using in vitro gas production technique. The samples were incubated in syringes containing rumen liqu...

Abstract For gas reservoirs with poor physical properties, the implementation of a single well multi-layer combined production is an effective means to achieve efficient development. However, because differences in geological conditions vast majority reservoirs, dynamic characteristics wells will be complex under mining mode, and inevitable interlayer interference process affect development eff...

With the surge of the global energy demand, natural gas plays an increasingly important role in the global energy market. To meet the demand, optimization techniques have been widely used in the natural gas industry, and yielded a lot of promising results. In this chapter, we give a detailed discussion of optimization models in the natural gas industry with the focus on the natural gas producti...

Natural fractures seem to be ubiquitous in shale gas plays. It is often said that their presence is one of the most critical factors in defining an economic or prospective shale gas play. Many investigators have presumed that open natural fractures are critical to gas production from deeper plays such as the Barnett, as they are for shallower gas shales such as the Dev‐ onian shales of the nort...