Abstract We present an experimental study of optical time-refraction caused by time-interfaces as short a single cycle. Specifically, we the propagation probe pulse through sample undergoing large refractive index change induced intense modulator pulse. In these systems, increasing abruptly leads to where spectrum all waves propagating in medium is red-shifted, and subsequently blue-shifted whe...

PURPOSE To investigate lens growth after different doses of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) and to investigate the long-term effect of a near-threshold UVR dose on the refractive index distribution in the lens. METHODS Sprague-Dawley rats received UVR (lambda(MAX) = 300 nm) unilaterally during a 15-minute period. The exposure dose ranged from 0.1 to 20 kJ/m(2), and the rats were kept for up to 32...

PURPOSE Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to map the refractive index distribution in human eye lenses in vivo and to investigate changes with age and accommodation. METHODS Whole-eye MR images were obtained for sagittal and transverse axial planes in one eye each of 15 young (19-29 years) and 15 older (60-70 years) subjects when viewing a far ( approximately 6 m) target and at indivi...

The refractive index is the fundamental property of all optical materials and dictates Snell's law, propagation speed, wavelength, diffraction, energy density, absorption and emission of light in materials. Experimentally realized broadband refractive indices remain <40, even with intricately designed artificial media. Herein, we demonstrate a measured index >1,800 resulting from a mesoscopic c...

Optical glasses are optimized to provide excellent transmittance throughout the total visible range from 400 to 800 nm. Usually the transmittance range spreads also into the near UV and IR regions. As a general trend lowest refractive index glasses show high transmittance far down to short wavelengths in the UV. Going to higher index glasses the UV absorption edge moves closer to the visible ra...

We provide a numerical tool to quantitatively study the impact of nonlocality arising from free electrons in metals on the optical properties of metallo-dielectric multilayers. We found that scattering matrices are particularly well suited to take into account the electron response through the application of the hydrodynamic model. Though effects due to nonlocality are, in general, quite small,...

Aerosol refractive index and size distribution estimations based on polarized atmospheric irradiance measurements are proposed together with its application to reflectance based vicarious calibration. A method for reflectance based vicarious calibration with aerosol refractive index and size distribution estimation using atmospheric polarization irradiance data is proposed. It is possible to es...

PURPOSE To study age-related changes in the refractive index distribution of the human ocular lens. METHODS Biometric data collected on 48 eyes in subjects ranging in age from 19 to 31 years and 48 eyes in subjects ranging in age from 49 to 61 years allowed estimation of a single parameter related to the refractive index distribution of the crystalline lens. The authors selected a gradient in...