Recently, plans have been announced to perform the first human head transplantation within the next few years [15]. Known as the head anastomosis venture (HEAVEN) protocol, details of this project have been outlined primarily from existing literature with supplementary basic science animal model data [1-6]. In this brief review, I analyze the literature of the two methodologies proposed by HEAV...

Certain noble gases, though inert, exhibit remarkable biological properties. Notably, xenon and argon provide neuroprotection in animal models of central nervous system injury. In the previous issue of Critical Care, Loetscher and colleagues provided further evidence that argon may have therapeutic properties for neuronal toxicity by demonstrating protection against both traumatic and oxygen-gl...