Intensive chemotherapy/radiotherapy in cancer, especially with hematologic malignancies, causes cellular injury and suppression of inflammatory responses, which increase the risks neutropenia febrile episodes. Absolute neutrophil count < 1 ? 109/L is considered neutropenia, absolute 0.5 or that expected to decrease next 48 hours severe while 0.1 109 referred as profound neutropenia. Febrile ...

Three chemotherapy-induced neutropenic hematologic patients with severe systemic infection caused by Fusobacterium nucleatum, a Gram-negative anaerobic rod, are described. Anaerobic infections are not very common in this patient category, but in a short period of time, several such patients were seen. The infection was considered to be caused by a combination of chemotherapy-induced mucositis, ...

Acute acalculous cholecystitis is a rare complication in the treatment of acute myeloblastic leukemia. Diagnosis of acute acalculous cholecystitis remains difficult during neutropenic period. We present two acute myeloblastic leukemia patients that developed acute acalculous cholecystitis during chemotherapy-induced neutropenia. They suffered from fever, vomiting and acute pain in the epigastri...

Chemotherapy induced febrile neutropenia predisposes patients to life threatening infections. We aimed to determine the causative microorganisms, infection focus and antibiotic treatment success in febrile neutropenic children with leukemia. A total of 136 febrile neutropenic episodes in 48 leukemic children were reviewed retrospectively from records. Among 136 febrile neutropenic episodes, 68 ...

The purpose of this study is to determine whether, in low-risk febrile neutropenic paediatric populations, oral antibiotics are as effective as intravenous antibiotics in obtaining resolution of the febrile neutropenic episode. A comprehensive literature search of MEDLINE, EMBASE and CENTRAL identified prospective, randomised controlled trials comparing oral antibiotics with intravenous antibio...

Background: Antibiotic prophylaxis is usually used in allogenic stem cell transplantation, but its use in Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation (ASCT) is controversial. We evaluated the efficacy of ciprofloxacin prophylaxis in ASCT. Materials and Methods: To identify the efficacy of ciprofloxacin on the incidence of neutropenic fever and its complications, 72 patients had been admitted to Talegh...

BACKGROUND Neutropenia is an indicator of poor prognosis in patients with fungal infections. All available clinical trial experience from the caspofungin development program was reviewed to ascertain the efficacy of caspofungin in neutropenic patients with documented invasive aspergillosis (IA) or invasive candidiasis (IC). METHODS The review was limited to neutropenic patients with proven IC...

OBJECTIVES Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) stimulates proliferation of neutrophils and enhances their phagocytic and microcidal activity. Increasing resistance to existing antibacterials and the dearth of new alternatives have complicated the treatment of Gram-negative infections. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of G-CSF in the treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginos...

Neutropenic fever is a common complication of myelosuppressive therapy in pediatric oncology patients. Piperacillin-tazobactam (PIP/TAZO) is a broad spectrum antibiotic used for empiric treatment of neutropenic fever. We describe four cases of suspected PIP/TAZO induced nephrotoxicity occurring in children with pediatric malignancies admitted to the hospital and treated for fever ± neutropenia....