The risks of cancer and other degenerative diseases caused by reactive oxygen species and electrophiles can be reduced by the up-regulation of detoxifying enzymes. A major mechanism whereby these protective enzymes are induced occurs through activation of the antioxidant response element (ARE) by the oxidative-stress sensor protein Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) and the transcripti...

Polyamines and polyamine analogues have been demonstrated to modulate the transcription of various genes. Spermidine/spermine N(1)-acetyltransferase (SSAT) is transcriptionally regulated through the interaction of at least two trans-acting transcription factors, NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf-2) and PMF-1 (polyamine modulated factor-1). Nrf-2 has previously been shown to regulate transcription of ...

NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a basic leucine zipper transcription factor that binds to the promoter sequence "antioxidant responsive element (ARE)" leading to coordinated up-regulation of ARE-driven detoxification and antioxidant genes. Since the expression of a wide array of antioxidant and detoxification genes are positively regulated by the ARE sequence, Nrf2 may serve as a master regula...

Tung-Liang Lee, Shau-Ching Wen, Wei-Yuan Hsiao, Che-Kun James Shen, and Yu-Chiau Shyu (2009) Self-regulation of mouse p45/NF-E2 during murine erythroleukemia cell differentiation. Zoological Studies 48(3): 362-369. The complicated process of murine erythroleukemia (MEL) cell differentiation is precisely controlled by a group of transcription factors. One of those transcription factors, p45/NF-E...

Objective(s): The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of mild hypothermia on expression of NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme-oxygenase-1 (HO-1) of rat cerebral cortex and hippocampus after cardiopulmonary resuscitation and further investigate the possible mechanism of action. Material and Methods:To copy an asphyxia heart arrest model, Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided...

Sanhuang-Siwu-Tang (SST), composed of seven medicinal herbs, is a well-known herbal formula used for the treatment gynecologic diseases. To expand clinical use SST, we explored anti-inflammatory or anti-neuroinflammatory effects SST water extract in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages and BV2 microglial cells. According to HPLC analysis, main components were from Scutellariae Rad...

The intestinal epithelium is constantly exposed to inducers of reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as commensal microorganisms. Levels of ROS are normally maintained at nontoxic levels, but dysregulation of ROS is involved in intestinal inflammatory diseases. In this article, we report that TGF-β-activated kinase 1 (TAK1) is a key regulator of ROS in the intestinal epithelium. tak1 gene deletio...