Traits that permit successful invasions have often seemed idiosyncratic, and the key biological traits identified vary widely among species. This fundamentally limits our ability to determine the invasion potential of a species. However, ultimately, successful invaders must have positive growth rates that longer term result in higher biomass accumulation than competing established species. In m...

1 Nitrification is an important microbial process in humid tropical ecosystems because of its effects on potentials for nitrogen loss via nitrate leaching and denitrification and on the hydrogen ion cycle. Nitrification rates in humid tropical soils vary markedly among different forest types but in general appear to increase following disturbance. Proximal controls on nitrifiers include ammoniu...

Overland flow from cropland areas often contains nutrients and residue materials can either contribute to runoff nutrient load through leaching or remove nutrients by sorption. Measurements were made of leaching and sorption of nitrogen and phosphorus from corn (Zea mays L.), soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) and winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Pastiche) residues placed in solutions conta...

Best management practices (BMPs) started in Florida citrus (Citrus spp.) in the 1990s and have evolved to play a major role in production practices today. One of the earliest BMPs in Florida arose from concerns over nitrate-nitrogen concentrations in some surfi cial groundwater aquifers exceeding the 10 mg·L–1 drinking water standard. This occurred in an area of well-drained sandy soils known a...

Modern agriculture has promoted the development of high-nitrification systems that are susceptible to major losses of nitrogen through leaching of nitrate and gaseous emissions of nitrogen oxide (NO and N2O), contributing to global warming and depletion of the ozone layer. Leakage of nitrogen from agricultural systems forces increased use of nitrogen fertilizers and causes water pollution and e...

In this study, the water flow and nitrate transport to a subsurface drain, using a simplified and detailed model, are simulated for the specific hydro-geological conditions of Elverdinge and Assenede, Belgium. Previously, the DRAIN MOD-N model proved to be able to simulate nitrate concentrations and drainage well for an in-situ leaching experiment, the “Hooibeekhoeve” in the community of Geel (...

Nitrification inhibitors (Thiourea and nitrification inhibitor “A”) with urea fertilizer were used to enhance the nitrogen efficiency. Nitrification inhibitors and the amount of nitrogen were applied through urea fertilizer to rice seed in Column Lysimeters. The whole experiment was conducted with following treatments such as; urea application as a control at 2gN/10kg (200 kg N/ha), urea applic...