Emissions from passenger ferries operating in urban harbors may contribute significantly to emissions inventories and commuter exposure to air pollution. In particular, ferries are problematic because of high emissions of oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and particulate matter (PM) from primarily unregulated diesel engines. This paper explores technical solutions to reduce pollution from passenger ferr...

The Australian Air Quality Forecasting System (AAQFS) is a joint project between the Bureau of Meteorology, CSIRO Atmospheric Research, CSIRO Energy Technology, the Environment Protection Authority Victoria and the New South Wales Environment Protection Authority to develop a highresolution numerical air quality forecasting system. Currently 24 to 36-hour forecasts are produced in both Melbourn...

Harmful ecological effects caused by the emission of gaseous pollutants like sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOx), can be reduced by load adequate distribution between power plants. However, this leads to a noticeable increase in their operating cost. In order to eliminate this conflict, and to study the trade-off relation between fuel cost and emissions, an approach to solve this mul...

Ground level ozone is one of the major air pollutants that the EPA is trying to control. Not only is it a major cause of smog, but it is a health threat especially for persons with lung, bronchial and other breathing problems. The EPA reports that more people in the USA are exposed to unacceptable levels of ozone than all the other criteria pollutants combined. Ozone is also harmful to growing ...

This paper examines the impact of various nitrogen oxides (NOx) and sulfur dioxide (SO2) emission control scenarios on the projected prices of electricity in the state of Indiana. The scenarios represent different methods for achieving the reductions in NOx and SO2 emissions mandated by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) under its Clean Air Interstate Rule (CAIR). The analy...

Exhaled nitric oxide (eNO) is decreased by cigarette smoking. The hypothesis that oxides of nitrogen (NOX) in cigarette smoke solution (CSS) may exert a negative feedback mechanism upon NO release from epithelial (AEC, A549, and NHTBE) and basophilic cells (RBL-2H3) was tested in vitro. CSS inhibited both NO production and degranulation (measured as release of beta-hexosaminidase) in a dose-dep...

Nitrogen oxides (NOx) are key pollutants for the improvement of ambient air quality. Within this study we estimated the historical NOx emissions in China for the period 1995–2010, and calculated future NOx emissions every five years until 2030 under six emission scenarios. Driven by the fast growth of energy consumption, we estimate the NOx emissions in China increased rapidly from 11.0 Mt in 1...

Coal is a major contributor to the global emission of nitrogen oxides (NOx). The NOx formation during coal utilization typically derives from the thermal decomposition of N-containing compounds (e.g., pyrrolic groups). NH₃ and HCN are common precursors of NOx from the decomposition of N-containing compounds. The existence of H₂O has significant influences on the pyrrole decomposition and NOx fo...

Nitric acid production plants emit small amounts of nitrogen oxides (NOx) to the environment. As the regulatory authorities demand the reduction of the resulting air pollution, existing plants are looking for economical ways to comply with this demand. Several Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) models were trained from several months of operating plant data to predict the NOx concentration in the...

We present a proof-of-concept analysis of the measurement of the health damage of ozone (O3) produced from nitrogen oxides (NOx = NO + NO2) emitted by individual large point sources in the eastern United States. We use a regional atmospheric model of the eastern United States, the Comprehensive Air Quality Model with eXtensions (CAMx), to quantify the variable impact that a fixed quantity of NO...