UNLABELLED The best intervention to prevent pain on injection with propofol is unknown. We conducted a systematic literature search (Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library, bibliographies, hand searching, any language, up to September 1999) for full reports of randomized comparisons of analgesic interventions with placebo to prevent that pain. We analyzed data from 6264 patients (mostly adults) of 5...

BACKGROUND Calculation of numbers needed to treat (NNT) is more complex from meta-analysis than from single trials. Treating the data as if it all came from one trial may lead to misleading results when the trial arms are imbalanced. DISCUSSION An example is shown from a published Cochrane review in which the benefit of nursing intervention for smoking cessation is shown by formal meta-analys...

BACKGROUND There is growing interest in glutamatergic agents in depression, particularly ketamine, a glutamate N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist. We aimed to assess the efficacy of ketamine in major depressive episodes. METHOD We searched EMBASE, PsycINFO, CENTRAL, and Medline from 1962 to January 2014 to identify double-blind, randomized controlled trials with allocation concea...

Since previous numbers-needed-to-treat (NNT) and relative risk reduction (RRR) report, a few studies were published to evaluate prophylactic effectiveness of neuromuscular training for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury in female athletes. The purpose of the current analyses was to determine the effectiveness of neuromuscular training interventions in reducing both non-contact and overall ...

Received 9 September 2012 Accepted 8 October 2012 ABSTRACT Background Several recent trials in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have assessed the effectiveness of the fluticasone–salmeterol combination inhaler in preventing COPD exacerbations, while finding an increased risk of pneumonia. The number needed to treat (NNT) is a simple measure to perform the comparative benefit–risk im...

Abstract Background To describe lemborexant and daridorexant for insomnia treatment using number needed to treat (NNT), harm (NNH), likelihood be helped or harmed (LHH). Methods Dichotomous outcomes were identified from the two registrational randomized controlled trials. Analogous data then extracted registration studies. Results Using pooled dosage data, had a clinically relevant magnitude of...

PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to assess the associations between dental treatment in the early primary dentition and later treatment in the primary and permanent teeth. METHODS Delta Dental Plan of Michigan insurance claims data on 9,886 children who were born in 1990 and were covered by dental insurance from 1990-1998 were used. Risk ratios (RR), screening test measures of sensitivit...

Purpose: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is considered as one of the most dangerous diseases in present scenario. It a brain disorder which leads to destruction thinking skills and memory human beings. very much essential for early classification AD magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) preprocessed images (ADMPIs) into several categories such Mild_Demented (MID), Moderate_Demented (MOD), Non_Demented (ND)...

BACKGROUND Droxidopa is an orally active prodrug that significantly improved dizziness/lightheadedness measured using the Orthostatic Hypotension Symptom Assessment (OHSA) Item 1 in patients with neurogenic orthostatic hypotension (nOH) caused by primary autonomic failure (Parkinson disease, multiple system atrophy, and pure autonomic failure), dopamine β-hydroxylase deficiency, or nondiabetic ...