4. Noise cancellation. A classical problem in statistical signal processing involves estimating a weak signal (e.g., the heart beat of a fetus) in the presence of a strong interference (the heart beat of its mother) by making two observations; one with the weak signal present and one without (by placing one microphone on the mother’s belly and another close to her heart). The observations can t...

This paper describes dark current characterization of two-stage charge transfer pixels, which enable a global shuttering and kTC noise canceling. The proposed pixel uses pinned diode structures for the photodiode(PD) as well as the storage diode(SD), thereby a very low dark current can be expected. The measured dark current of the PD and SD with the negative gate bias results in 19.5 e-/s and 7...

Selectively canceling signals at specific locations within an acoustical environment with multiple listeners is of significant importance for home theater, automobile, teleconferencing, office, industrial and other applications. The traditional noise cancellation approach is impractical for such applications because it requires sensors that must be placed on the listeners. In this paper we inve...

Electrocardiogram (ECG) and magnetocardiogram (MCG) signals are among the most considerable sources of noise for other biomedical signals. In some recent works, a Bayesian filtering framework has been proposed for denoising the ECG signals. In this paper, it is shown that this framework may be effectively used for removing cardiac contaminants such as the ECG, MCG and ballistocardiographic arti...

A combined three-microphone voice activity detector (VAD) and noise-canceling system is studied to enhance speech recognition in an automobile environment. A previous experiment clearly shows the ability of the composite system to cancel a single noise source outside of a defined zone. This paper investigates the performance of the composite system when there are frequently moving noise sources...

This thesis presents a noise-canceling LNA based on a complementary common-gate commonsource combination. It provides active balun functionality with a single-ended input that is power matched to the antenna and a differential current output driving a passive mixer. By allowing class AB operation for both outputs, the LNA achieves a high compression point and its outputs remain balanced under i...

A low complexity fingerprint verification scheme with ultra-compact hardware resources requirement is presented in the paper. Firstly, the fingerprint image is captured and performed noise canceling by a binary low-pass filter. Secondly, the displacement of the fingerprint pattern is estimated by means of directional image matching, and then circular profile features of the fingerprint are extr...

A novel coherent optical code-division multiple access (OCDMA) scheme is proposed that uses spectral line pairing to generate signals suitable for heterodyne decoding. Both signal and local reference are transmitted via a single optical fiber and a simple balanced receiver performs sourceless heterodyne detection, canceling speckle noise and multiple-access interference (MAI). To validate the i...

Recently there has been considerable interest in the use of somatosensory evoked potential (SEP) for monitoring the functional integrity of the spinal cord during surgery such as scoliosis. This paper describes a monitoring system and signal processing algorithms, which consist of an artificial neural network filter and a wavelet signal enhancer developed to enhance the signalto-noise ratio (SN...

Single microphone speech enhancement systems have typically shown limited performance, while multiple microphone systems based on a least-squares error criterion have shown encouraging results in some contexts. In this paper we formulate a new approach to multiple microphone speech enhancement. Specifically, we formulate a maximum likelihood (ML) problem for estimating the parameters needed for...